hip

Question 1

main hip flexor

Answer 1

iliopsoas

Question 2

main hip extensor

Answer 2

gluteus maximus

Question 3

main hip abductor

Answer 3

gluteus medius

Question 4

main hip adductor

Answer 4

adductor magnus

Question 5

main hip internal rotator

Answer 5

tensor fascia lata

Question 6

main hip external rotator

Answer 6

gluteus maximus

Question 7

what is a significan LLD?

Answer 7

2 cm

Question 8

Proximal weakness is evidenced by a _________gait where the patient is relying on ________muscles, rather than flexor/extensors

Answer 8

Trendelenburn, abductors

Question 9

This test puts patient in extended butterfly and tests the _______ joint

Answer 9

FABER, SI

Question 10

This test is the same as the obturator test

Answer 10

FADIR (flexion adduction, internal rotation)

Question 11

This problem is more common in males in 30’s-50’s who present c/o a dull ache/throbbing pain around hip (groin, lateral, or buttocks). It is most common in people with h/o EtOH, steroid use, SCC, or chemo

Answer 11

osteonecrosis of the femoral head (AVN)

Question 12

Osteonecrosis AVN occurs over 5 stages on xray. What are they?

Answer 12

0) No change on xray
1) mottled densities
2) crescent sign, increased densities in femoral head
3) flattening of femoral head, normal joint space
4) narrowing joint space, acetabular changes
5) advanced degenerative changes

Question 13

How can you treat ON/AVN of femoral head?

Answer 13

1) before collapse: core decompression

2) after collapse: hemi-arthroplasty or total hip

Question 14

How many patients go on to have ON/AVN of the other hip?

Answer 14

50-90%

Question 15

This problem is caused by friction from overuse, trauma, or a direct blow.

Answer 15

bursitis

Question 16

This bursitis is worst when seated

Answer 16

ischial bursitis

Question 17

This bursitis is due to microtrauma and s/s include anterior hip pain. Relief with hip flexion and external rotation

Answer 17

ilio-pectineal bursitis

Question 18

this bursitis is a/w LLD, broad pelvis, poor running, and tight IT band. Worse with external rotation. Positive Ober test

Answer 18

trochanteric bursitis

Question 19

Another term for sciatica is?

Answer 19

piriformis syndrome

Question 20

nerve pain over the lateral thigh, most often in obese patients is likely affecting the ________nerve

Answer 20

lateral femoral cutaneous

Question 21

If missed, _________ and __________ are a/w a 50% mortality rate in the setting of pelvic fx

Answer 21

vaginal laceration or perforated colon

Question 22

What type of hip fx occurs just under the ball of the hip joint?

Answer 22

subcapital neck fx

Question 23

what type of hip fx occurs mid neck?

Answer 23

transcervical neck fx

Question 24

what type of hip fx occurs between the base of the neck of the femur and the base of the trochanters?

Answer 24

intertrochanteric fx

Question 25

what type of hip fx occurs below the trochanters

Answer 25

subtrochanteric

Question 26

What type of hip fx avulses the upper/lower trochanter

Answer 26

Greater/lesser trochanteric fx

Question 27

What is included in "intracapsular" fractures?

Answer 27

femoral neck and capitulum

Question 28

what is the likely MOI for intracapsular fx?

Answer 28

indirect shear force on angulated femoral neck.

Question 29

PE for intra-capsular

Answer 29

shortened leg, external rotation, painful ROM

Question 30

PE for extra-capsular

Answer 30

MORE external rotation, significant blood loss, no wt bearing

Question 31

Most common type of hip dislocation

Answer 31

posterior

Question 32

What is the MOI for posterior hip dislocation?

Answer 32

femoral head forced backward, tearing ligamentum teres and posterior capsule, fx of acetabulum

Question 33

What are you worried about with posterior hip dislocation?

Answer 33

AVN, emergency reduction

Question 34

What does leg with posterior hip dislocation look like?

Answer 34

internal rotation, hip flexed and adducted

Question 35

what is the MOI for an anterior dislocation?

Answer 35

forceful abduction and external rotation

Question 36

What do you notice on PE for anterior hip dislocation?

Answer 36

palpable groin mass, external rotation