HARVESTING AND THRESHING EQUIPMENT

Question 1

– process of gathering the useful portion of the crop from the field

Answer 1

Harvesting

Question 2

process of separating the grains from the straw. Additionally, it may
include cleaning the grains

Answer 2

Threshing

Question 3

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: _ _ use of hand tools: sickle, scythe, yatab, 80 – 160 man-hrs/ha

Answer 3

Manual harvesting

Question 4

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: _ _Use of flails or sticks
* Hampasan
* Foot threshing
* Animal treading
* 140 – 220 man-hrs/ha

Answer 4

Manual threshing

Question 5

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: _ _ Use of pedal thresher at 100 manhrs/ha
* Power thresher at 12 man-hrs/ha

Answer 5

Mechanized threshing

Question 6

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: _ _ * Use of manually-operated
harvester at 50 man-hrs/ha
* Power harvester at 5 man-hrs/ha

Answer 6

Mechanical harvesting

Question 7

• 3 – 21 man-hrs/ha
• Field losses – 1.5 – 6 %

Answer 7

Combine harvesting – both operations done by a single machine – combine

Question 8

• 3 – 21 man-hrs/ha
• Field losses = 2 – 6 %

Answer 8

Stripping harvesting

Question 9

removal of grains from panicle without cutting the
straw - stripper

Answer 9

Stripping harvesting

Question 10

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: if manual harvesting manual threshing are combined, field loss is

Answer 10

5-16%

Question 11

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: if manual harvesting and mechanized threshing are combined, field loss is

Answer 11

3-10%

Question 12

Systems of harvesting and threshing of rice: if mechanical harvesting and mechanical threshing are combined, field loss is

Answer 12

3-6%

Question 13

Operations done by a combine and stripper: . Separating the rows
2. Cutting the standing crop
3. Conveying the cut materials into the
threshing section
4. Threshing
5. Shaking the straw to separate loose grains
from the straw
6. Cleaning the grains of chaff
7. Conveying the grains to the tank or sack

Answer 13

COMBINE

Question 14

Operations done by a combine and stripper: 1. Separating the rows
2. Stripping
3. Cleaning the grains
4. Conveying the grains to the tank or sacks

Answer 14

STRIPPER

Question 15

Factors affecting the choice of system: IDENTIFY WHAT are INCLUDED

1. Kind of crop
2. Crop Color Preferences
3. Timeliness of operation
4. Topography
5. Farm size
6. Type of culture (row or broadcasted, upland or lowland)
7. Moon phases
8. Availability and cost of labor
9. Required Labor inputs
10. Availability of capital

Answer 15

1. Kind of crop
2. Timeliness of operation
3. Topography
4. Farm size
5. Type of culture (row or broadcasted, upland or lowland)
6. Availability and cost of labor
7. Availability of capital

Question 16

A major factor affecting choice of system is _ _ _ because it affects
field losses, time available for the next crop and grain quality

Answer 16

timeliness of operation

Question 17

Field losses (%)
One week before maturity

Answer 17

0.77

Question 18

Field losses (%)
At maturity

Answer 18

3.35

Question 19

Field losses (%)
one week after maturity

Answer 19

5.63

Question 20

Field losses (%)
two weeks after maturity

Answer 20

8.64

Question 21

Field losses (%)
three weeks after maturity

Answer 21

40.70

Question 22

Field losses (%)
four weeks after maturity

Answer 22

60.46

Question 23

If the crop is harvested too early, it will have a large percentage of

Answer 23

imperfectly formed
kernels

Question 24

The field should be drained _ _ weeks before harvesting to harden the soil

Answer 24

1 – 1.5 weeks

Question 25

Harvesting equipment is classified into two categories: what are those?

Answer 25

Groupings of harvesting and Cutting mechanisms

Question 26

Harvesting equipment (Groupings of harvesters) include the sickle, scythe, yatab, lingkao and cradle

Answer 26

Hand tools

Question 27

Harvesting equipment (Groupings of harvesters) – a machine that cuts the standing crop, conveys the cut crop to one side, and lays them down in an orderly manner

Answer 27

Reapers-windrower

Question 28

Harvesting equipment (Groupings of harvesters) a machine that cuts the standing crop, binds the cut crop, and lays down the bound crop to one side

Answer 28

Reaper-binder

Question 29

Harvesting equipment (Cutting mechanisms) – employed in hand tools

Answer 29

Slicing/tearing action

Question 30

Harvesting equipment (Cutting mechanisms) use of sharp or dull-edged blades moving at high velocity of 2,000 fpm to 9,000 fpm

Answer 30

High velocity, single-element, impact action

Question 31

Harvesting equipment (Cutting mechanisms) shearing action between the moving and stationary blades

Answer 31

Two-element, scissor type action

Question 32

Threshing Equipment is classified into three categories, what are those?

Answer 32

Methods of threshing, mechanical threshers, and, cleaning systems

Question 33

THRESHING EQUIPMENT: * Methods of threshing: grains are detached from their panicles because of a rubbing action as in treading by man, animal and vehicle.

Answer 33

Rubbing action

Question 34

Output of man treading is

Answer 34

14 kg/hr

Question 35

grains are accelerated faster than their panicles and are detached as in hampasan and mechanical threshers.

Answer 35

Impact action

Question 36

grains are detached from their panicles when the straw is pulled through a “V” configuration or a comb-like device is passed through the panicles.

Answer 36

Stripping action

Question 37

Output of hampasan is

Question 38

It is one of the classifications of threshers equipment that employs the impact method

Answer 38

Mechanical threshers

Question 39

Mechanical threshers are classified into 4:

Answer 39

Power source, type of feeding, direction of threshing materials, and type of cylinder teeth

Question 40

Mechanical threshers classification that manual as in pedal thresher or power thresher as in engine-driven thresher

Answer 40

power source

Question 41

in type of feeding, – Straws do not pass through the threshing section

Answer 41

hold-on feeding

Question 42

in type of feeding that has ❖ Low power requirement ❖ Lightweight construction ❖ Examples: Pedal thresher and Japanese combine

Answer 42

hold-on feeding

Question 43

in type of feeding it Straws pass through the threshing section

Answer 43

Throw-in feeding

Question 44

❖ High power requirement ❖ Heavyweight construction ❖ Examples: Axial-flow thresher and US combine

Answer 44

Throw-in feeding

Question 45

Materials are feed between the revolving cylinder and stationary concave and go straight out of the thresher tangentially.

Answer 45

Tangential-flow

Question 46

About _% of the grains pass through the concave and the rest are separated in subsequent operations.

Answer 46

60%

Question 47

Materials are fed between the revolving cylinder and stationary concave on one end, go around the cylinder several times axially and discharge at the other end.

Answer 47

Axial-flow

Question 48

About _% of the grains are separated from the straw at the cylinder.

Answer 48

90%

Question 49

type of cylinder teeth are:

Answer 49

a. Wire-loop b. Peg-tooth c. Rasp-bar

Question 50

Separation of the bulky straw, chaff, empty kernels and very light impurities from the grains

Answer 50

Cleaning systems

Question 51

Light materials can be separated from the grains by

Answer 51

winnowing using natural wind or blower.

Question 52

straws do not pass through the thresher and only the removal of the chaff and light materials are needed using blowers and screens

Answer 52

For hold-on threshers,

Question 53

straws pass through the thresher and cleaning is done using a straw walker, blower and screens.

Answer 53

For throw-in threshers,