Hazards and Safety Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

Fire what is it

A

Chemical reaction when material reacts with oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Parts of the fire triangle

A

Fuel - combustible solid , liquid or gas
Oxygen - from the air 16% is needed for sustainability
Heat - to initially ignite the fire and to sustain it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How to extinguish

A

eliminate O2 or level of heat present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Flash point

A

lowest temperature at which a liquid gives of enough vapor to ignite. The lower the flash point the easier to ignite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Classes of Fire

A

A- D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are class A fires fueled

A

By materials that leave a residue after burning like ash so wood, cardboard paper etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are class A fires eliminated and with what

A

Gone through cooling effect by h2O , foam, dry or wet chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are Class B fires started

A

flammable liquids and gasses like gasoline, paint thinner, acetylene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are class B fires eliminated and with what

A

Remove the oxygen using foam, dry chemical and CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are Class C fires started

A

through electrical wiring so computers and motors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are class C fires eliminated and with what

A

Non conducting agent - never use water. CO2, Dry chemical powder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are Class D fires started

A

Metals and compounds Magnesium, NA, Tit, Ph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are class D fires eliminated and with what

A

dry chemical extinguishers specifically for combustible metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you know if the fire extinguisher will work

A

The label shows you what class of fires it can be used on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to use an extinguisher

A

P-pull the pin at the handle
A- Aim nozzle at base of fire
S- Squeeze lever slowly
s-Sweep from side to side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why are fire drill conducted

A
  • practice fire response training
  • Reinforce fire safety and evaluate staff knowledge
  • to ensure drill provide maximum benefit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Physical hazard examples

A

cryogenic fluid - liquid N
electrical equipment
glassware

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Radiation Hazard examples

A
  • external exposure (e ray, gamma rays)
  • Internal exposure (absorption - alpha particles, inhalation, beta particles and gamma rays)
  • radioactive spills and non ionization radiation (lasers, UV and Microwave)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ergonomic hazards

A

Improper furniture

  • bone injuries
  • excessive noise
  • slips and falls
20
Q

Reproductive hazards

A

fetoxicity from solvents, mercury, radiation, virus, and biological agents

21
Q

Air quality hazards

A

temp, humidity, air flow, air quality

22
Q

Chemical hazards examples

A

flammable liquids, gases
toxic fumes and gases
caustic solvents
carcinogenic or mutagenic solvents

23
Q

psycho social hazard

A

stress, abuse, violence, conflict between coworkers

24
Q

Thermal Burn and causes

A

burns from external heat sources that raise the temperature of the skin and tissues causing cell death or charring. Hot metals , steam, flame

25
Radiation burns and causes
Sun burn - UV lights or radiation xrays or gamma rays
26
Chemical burns
Bases, detergents, solvents in contact with skin
27
Electrical burns
from electrical current from Alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC)
28
How to prevent and give first aid for spills on skin
Prevent by wearing PPEs | First aid - remove contaminated PPE and run under cold h2o for 15 mins or until it stops hurting
29
How to prevent and give first aid for strong acid
Prevent - rubber apron and gloves | First aid - remove PPE and under colf h2o for 15 or until it stops hurting
30
How to prevent and give first aid for splashes in eye
Prevent - wear safety goggles or face shield | First aid - Go to eye wash station remove contacts if any and rinse for 15 mins and get medical attention
31
How to prevent and give first aid for heat burn
Prevent - hair tied back and aware of open flames, dont reach over flame first aid - run with cold h2o for 15 mins or until it stops hurting. Cover area with bandage. STOP, DROP , ROLL for fire and then safety shower
32
How to prevent and give first aid for Chemical burn
Prevent - PPEs and lab coat | First aid - remove clothing or jewelry from near affected site, cold water for 15 mins, and cover with bandage
33
How to prevent and give first aid for Electrical shock
Prevent - unplug equipment after use | First aid - put person on back , cover with blanket maintain body temp and get medical help
34
How to prevent and give first aid for Chemical Poisoning
Prevent - use fume hood and proper mask when exposed to poisonous gasses or vapor
35
How to prevent and give first aid for Cuts
Prevent - Clutter free workspace, use broken glass container First aid - apply pressure to wound with sterile dressing, if object is coming out of the wound then apply pressure around the wound. keep cut area above elevation of the heart
36
How to prevent and give first aid for needle sticks
Prevent - always use safety closure First aid - identify source of specimen (patient name), squeeze finger under water (encourage bleeding) , clean puncture site , apply sterile bandage and report to supervisor
37
Biological hazard Containment
Level 1 - low individual and low community risk Level 2 - moderate individual and low community risk Level 3 - high individual and low community risk Level 4 - high individual and high community risk
38
Because the lab is level 2 what has to be done ?
The laboratory should be located away from public areas A biohazard sign with appropriate information must be posted on the entrance to the laboratory. Laboratory furnishings should be constructed with special attention to the use of impervious and readily cleanable work surfaces. Laboratory coats to be worn in the laboratory An autoclave must be available in or near the laboratory
39
How can aerosols in the lab be produced ? Why are they so bad
``` Pipetting using a "blow-out" pipette Pouring Removing caps or lids Shaking or waving inoculating loops Dropping cultures Centrifugation Aerosols are suspensions of particles in the air which may gain access to the respiratory system. Biological aerosols may be suspensions of bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. ```
40
A chemical hazard is defined as a hazard if
It causes harmful biological effects It is flammable , explosive or highly reactive If it has potential harmful vapours or dust
41
What are the acute symptoms of chemical exposure
Headache or dizziness Sudden nausea or vomiting Eye, nose and throat irritation It is considered acute if the exposure is 14 days or less
42
What are the chronic symptoms of chemical exposure
Persistent dermatitis Discoloured urine or skin Numbness or tremors
43
Effect on body parts with exposure
The Brain - Headache, dizziness, confusion, lethargy, Respiratory - Irritation of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract. Cardiovascular-Hypotension or dysrhythmias, Heart test may be abnormal Renal - kidney damage cause increased protein in the urine, Dermal- disruption of the normal protective barrier can allow easier entry of chemicals into circulation. Ocular - Direct contact by corrosive liquids or solids, Vapors and gases, Swelling of the eyelid Gastrointestinal - Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, injury to the mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach
44
PPE Codes
A - safety glasses B - safety glasses and gloves C - safety glasses, gloves and an apron D - face shield, gloves and an apron E - safety glasses, gloves and a dust respirator F - safety glasses, gloves, apron and a dust respirator G - safety glasses, a vapor respirator H - splash goggles, gloves, apron and a vapor respirator I - safety glasses, gloves and a dust/vapor respirator J - splash goggles, gloves, apron and a dust/vapor respirator K - airline hood or mask, gloves, full suit and boots X - ask supervisor or safety specialist for handling instructions.
45
What is part of a chemical hygiene plan?
``` 1)Labeling of reagent bottles and containers Manufacture’s label Workplace Label Warning symbols 2)SDS – Safety data Sheets Available for all chemicals Easily accessible to staff File chemicals in alphabetical order 3) Employee training and information Familiarity with chemical storage areas WHMIS training MSDS location Safety awareness in the laboratory ```