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Head & Neck Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Facial muscles: Innervated by Facial Nerves (4)

A
  1. Orbicularis oris : kissing
  2. Zygomaticus: smiling
  3. Risorius: Grinning / Grimace
  4. Buccinator - Blowing / Sucking aka Trumpeter’s Muscle
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2
Q

Muscles of mastication: Innervated by Mandibular division of Trigeminal Nerve. (4)

A
  1. Temporalis : closes jaw
  2. Masseter : closes jaw
  3. Medial Pterygoid : closes jaw
  4. Lateral Pterygoid : opens jaw
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3
Q

Afferent limb of corneal reflex.

A

Nasociliary nerve of the ophthalmic division of Trigeminal nerve.

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4
Q

Other names of middle ear windows?

A
  1. Oval window - Fenestra vestibuli
  2. Round window - Fenestra cochlea
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5
Q

Nerve supply of the lacrimal gland.

A
  1. CN VII : Facial nerve - Submandibular, Sublingual
  2. CN IX: Parotid gland
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6
Q

Structures passing through the optic canal. (3)

A
  1. Optic nerve
  2. Ophthalmic artery
  3. Central artery & vein of the retina
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7
Q

Nerves that sends touch, temperature and pain information from the brain to the muscles.

A
  1. Dorsal & Efferent

Bell Magendie Law : Ventral = Motor , Dorsal = Sensory

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8
Q

Efferent limb of corneal reflex.

A

Facial Nerve

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9
Q

Facial vein begins as angular vein which is formed by the union of what two veins?

A
  1. Supratrochlear vein
  2. Supraorbital vein
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10
Q

Papillae that are arranged in the form of V in front of the sulcus terminalis?

A

Vallate Papillae

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11
Q

Muscles of the tongue innervated by the vagus nerve?

A
  1. Palatoglossus

-The rest of the muscles of the tongue are innervated by hypoglossal nerve.

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12
Q

Action of palatoglossus muscle?

A

Pulls the back of the tongue upward and narrows pharyngeal isthmus.

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13
Q

Responsible for the special sensation in the Anterior 2/3 of the tongue

A

Chorda Tympani / CN 7 / Facial Nerve

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14
Q

Injury of this nerve causes medial deviation or Esotropia and paralysis of abduction of the ipsilateral eye.

A

Abducent Nerve Injury

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15
Q

Cranial nerve palsy causing medial strabismus?

A

Abducens nerve

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16
Q

Anterior transparent part of the eyeball?

A

Cornea

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17
Q

Eye muscle paralyzed causing medial strabismus ?

A

Lateral rectus

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18
Q

Eye muscle that will pull the eyeball opposite the paralyzed muscle.

A

Medial rectus

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19
Q

Origin of the four recti muscles of the eye?

A

Common tendinous ring= Annulus of Zinn

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20
Q

Double vision that occurs only in one eye or only when one eye is open?

A

Monocular diplopia

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21
Q

Site of lesion if there is superior left homonymous quadrantanopia?

A

Right temporal lobe ( Meyers Loop)

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22
Q

Structures opening in the middle meatus? (4)

A
  1. Anterior ethmoid sinus
  2. Middle ethmoid sinus
  3. Maxillary Sinus
  4. Frontal sinus
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23
Q

Sinuses that are present at birth? (2)

A
  1. Maxillary Sinus
  2. Ethmoid Sinus
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24
Q

The arteries that compose the kiesselbach plexus? (4)

A
  1. Sphenopalatine (Maxillary)
  2. Anterior ethmoidal ( ophthalmic)
  3. Greater Palatine ( Maxillary)
  4. Superior Labial ( Facial)
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25
Cone of light is seen in what quadrant?
Anteroinferior quadrant
26
Movement around a vertical axis at the superior and inferior radio-ulnar joints?
Rotatory movement
27
Membrane separating scala vestibuli and scala media?
Vestibular membrane
28
Embryonic origin of thalamus?
Diencephalon
29
External landmarks of the hypothalamus?
Optic chiasm Tuber cinereum Mammillary bodies
30
Carotid bifurcation. (3)
C4- Common carotid T4- Trachea L4- Common iliac vessels
31
Muscle that divides the subclavian artery into 3 parts?
Scalenus anterior
32
Layers that surrounds the larynx and trachea, encloses the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Forms a false capsule of the thyroid gland.
Pretracheal layer
33
Located medial to the apex of the thyroid.
Thyroid cartilage
34
Largest **endocrine** gland in the human body?
Thyroid gland Liver - largest gland in the body
35
Relations to the thyroid gland. Medial (6)
Medial - larynx, trachea, pharynx, esophagus, cricothyroid, external laryngeal nerve
36
Relations to the thyroid gland. Posterolateral
Carotid sheath
37
Relations to the thyroid gland. Anterolateral (4)
Sternothyroid Superior belly of Omohyoid Sternohyoid SCM
38
Relations to the thyroid gland. Posterior
Parathyroid gland
39
Relations to the thyroid gland. Superior (2)
Thyroid Cricoid cartilage
40
Contraction of shortening of SCM leading to twisting of the neck with the chin pointing upward and to the opposite side.
Torticollis / Wryneck
41
Cricoid cartilage is at what level of cervical vertebra?
Level of C6
42
Pharynx transitions to the esophagus at what level?
C6 / Lower border of cricoid cartilage
43
Horseshoe shaped bone situated ant midline in the neck and lies at the base of the mandible . Only bone in the body with no articulation?
Hyoid bone
44
Infrahyoid muscle that depresses larynx
Sternothyroid
45
Muscle that separates the submandibular and sublingual space?
Mylohyoid
46
Tumors within the oral cavity and lip metastasize first to what level of lymph nodes?
Levels I, II, III
47
Zone of the neck that extends from the cricoid cartilage to the level of the angle of Mandible
Zone II
48
Muscle of the pharynx innervated by the Vagus nerve except?
**Stylopharyngeus** which is innervated by Glossopharyngeal nerve.
49
Palatine tonsillectomy can damage this nerve causing loss of general sensation and taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue?
Glossopharyngeal nerve ( CN 9)
50
Nerve associated with superior thyroid artery. Injury produces hoarseness / breathlessness .
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
51
Cartilage that forms the laryngeal prominence in the neck.
Thyroid cartilage
52
All laryngeal muscles supplied by recurrent / inferior laryngeal nerve except?
Cricothyroid - supplied by the External Laryngeal Nerve
53
Most common type of esophageal atresia?
Esophageal atresia with TEF at distal end
54
Artery that arises from the aortic arch or brachiocephalic trunk and reaches the thyroid isthmus inferiorly?
Thyroid IMA Artery
55
Uncommon arterial supply of the thyroid gland?
Thyroidea ima ( present at 12%)
56
Most common site of ectopic thyroid?
Lingual
57
Cells that synthesize and secrete calcitonin
Parafollicular cells
58
Nerve that can be injured during ligation of inferior thyroid artery?
Inferior or Recurrent laryngeal nerve
59
Most common site of nose bleeding
Septal branches of Sphenopalatine and Facial Vessels
60
Origin of Superior Thyroid Artery?
External Carotid Artery (STA ECA)
61
Origin of Inferior Thyroid Artery ?
Thyrocervical Trunk ( ITA TT )
62
Superior Thyroid and Middle Thyroid Vein Drains into?
Internal Jugular Vein
63
Inferior Thyroid Vein drains into?
Brachiocephalic Vein

Anatomy (10 decks)

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