health and disease

Question 1

what are some diseases caused by smoking?

Answer 1

cancer
lung disease
bronchitis
heart disease

Question 2

what are the main three substances in a cigarette?

Answer 2

tar
nicotine
carbon monoxide

Question 3

what are 3 negative traits of tar?

Answer 3

coughing to eject mucus

contains cancer causing carcinogens

damages cilia, teeth and gums
(damaged cilia causes lung infections to become common)

Question 4

what are cilia?

Answer 4

Cilia in the lungs are tiny hair-like structures that line the airways and help protect the lungs. They sweep microbes out of the lungs.

Question 5

what are the effects of carbon monoxide in cigarettes?

Answer 5

they bind to the red blood cells

cells can’t respire properly

Question 6

what happens due to carbon monoxide binding to the red blood cells

Answer 6

they stop them from carrying oxygen

Question 7

what happens if carbon monoxide is inhaled when pregnant?

Answer 7

the foetus cannot develop properly

Question 8

what are the two types of diseases?

Answer 8

communicable and non communicable

Question 9

what are the four types of pathogens?

Answer 9

bacteria
virus
fungi
protists

Question 10

what are pathogens?

Answer 10

pathogens are microorganisms that cause communicable diseases. they depend on their hosts for nutrients and need to grow to reproduce

Question 11

what is an example of diseases that can interact?

Answer 11

high blood pressure and obesity

aids and infection

obesity and depression

Question 12

what are the two differences between a bacterial cell and an animal cell

Answer 12

slime capsules
no nucleus

Question 13

why do pathogens make us feel ill?

Answer 13

pathogens reproduce rapidly

produce toxins

kill or disrupt the function of cells

microbes damage our cells

Question 14

what do the toxins that pathogens produce cause?

Answer 14

kills cells and damage tissue

Question 15

what are the three ways pathogens can spread?

Answer 15

airborne
water borne
food borne

Question 16

what is the addictive substance in cigarettes?

Answer 16

nicotine

Question 17

is class a the most or least dangerous type of drug?

Answer 17

class a is the most dangerous
class c is the least dangerous

Question 18

what is a drug?

Answer 18

a substance that can affect the mind or how the body works

Question 19

is alcohol a stimulant or depressant?

Answer 19

depressant

Question 20

what are some affects of stimulants?

Answer 20

increased alertness

reduces appetite

increased heart rate

improves reaction time

increased blood pressure

risk of heart attacks

Question 21

what are some affects of a depressant

Answer 21

damage brain cells

difficult to concentrate

slower heart rate

slowed reaction time

harder to concentrate

affected decision making

Question 22

what drug is legal?

Answer 22

tobacco

Question 23

what drugs are illegal?

Answer 23

cannabis
meth
ketamine
cocaine

Question 24

what is the equation for bmi?

Answer 24

weight (kg) divided by hight (m squared)

Question 25

are passive smokers also at risk?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

if you do not get enough vitamins you can get a…

Answer 26

deficiency

Question 27

what are the six food groups?

Answer 27

carbohydrates lipids protein vitamins and minerals fibre water

Question 28

Bmi is used as…

Answer 28

an indication or prediction of health

Question 29

what are some limitations of BMI?

Answer 29

doesn’t factor in muscle mass, disease, or social or mental wellbeing

Question 30

why do we need a balanced and healthy diet?

Answer 30

for growth, warmth, repair and helping the immune system

Question 31

what is ill health caused by?

Answer 31

disease diet stress lifestyle

Question 32

what are some examples of stimulants?

Answer 32

caffiene cocaine

Question 33

what are some examples of depressants?

Answer 33

ketamine alcohol cannabis

Question 34

what does lack of vitamin A cause?

Answer 34

night blindness as it helps a chemical in the retina

Question 35

what does lack of vitamin D cause?

Answer 35

Rickets as vitamin D helps bones form

Question 36

what does lack of vitamin C cause?

Answer 36

scurvy. Vitamin C makes collagen to hold cells together

Question 37

what do you need to eat to gain from vitamin C?

Answer 37

citrus fruit

Question 38

what do you need to eat to gain from vitamin D?

Answer 38

oily fish and dairy for calcium

Question 39

what do you need to eat to gain from vitamin A?

Answer 39

carrots

Question 40

what does not enough iron cause?

Answer 40

anemia

Question 41

what do you need to eat to gain iron?

Answer 41

red meat

Question 42

What causes type 2 diabetes?

Answer 42

excess sugar

Question 43

What may stress cause?

Answer 43

over/ under eating depression anxiety lack of sleep addictions low energy irritability

Question 44

what is the definition of health?

Answer 44

a state of physical, mental, social wellbeing

Question 45

does stress contribute to poor health?

Answer 45

yes