Heam

Question 1

What does heterophile antibodies refer to

Answer 1

Part of the monospot/paul bunnell test for infectious mononuceosis

Question 2

Chronic Myeloid Leukeamia Features

Answer 2

Isolated WCC/neutophil rise (sometimes x10 of normal)

Philidelphia chromosome

Treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors like imatinib

Question 3

INR of 5-8 with no bleeding on warfarin

Answer 3

Withold 1-2 doses & restart on lower maintenance dose

Question 4

INR of 5-8 with mild bleeding on warfarin

Answer 4

Stop warfarin, give 1-3mg IV vit K and rrestart warfarin when INR <5

Question 5

INR of >8 with no bleeding

Answer 5

Stop warfarin, give PO Vit K and restart if INR <5

Question 6

INR >8 with minor bleeding on warfarin

Answer 6

Stop warfarin, give 1-3mg IV vit K and restart warfarin when INR <5

Question 7

Major bleedding on warfarin

Answer 7

Stop warfarin, give 5mg IV Vit K + prothromib complex

Question 8

What conditions would you see target cells

Answer 8

Iron deficiency anaemia
Liver disease
Thallassaemia
Post-splenectomy

also seenin sickel cell

Question 9

What cells are seen in acute myloid leukeamia

Answer 9

Auer rods

which are the accumulation and grouping together of immature blast cells

Question 10

What are rouleaux formations and what conditions are they seen in?

Answer 10

Stacks/clumps of red cells cause by high levels of circulating acute phase proteins which cause the red cells to stick together

seen in infection, autoimmune disease, chronic inflammation, myleoma and paraproetinaemia

Question 11

What abnormal cells are seen in Hodgkins lymphoma?

Answer 11

Reed-sternburg cells

Question 12

What are Hienz bodies and what conditions are they seeen in

Answer 12

Denatured heamoglobin usually removed by spleen

Not usually seen in healthy individuals.
Seen in G6PD deficiency and post spenectomy & patients takign sulphonamides

Question 13

Blood film in ALL

Answer 13

Blast cells

Question 14

What is the most common acute leukaemia in adults

Answer 14

Acute myloid leukaemia (Auer rods)

Question 15

Antibiotic prophylaxis in post spenectomy patients

Answer 15

Penicillin V

Question 16

2 examples of common encapsulated organisms

Answer 16

Strep penumoniae and heamophilus influenze

Question 17

Teardrop cells are found when?

Answer 17

Myelofibrosis & myleodysplastic syndrome

Question 18

Standard chemotherapy for hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 18

ABVD

Adriamycine, Bleomycine, Vincristine, Dacarbazine

Question 19

Painful lymph nodes with ETOH drinking

Answer 19

Hodgkins lymphoma

Question 20

Heridary spehrocytosis inheritance pattern

Answer 20

Autosomal dominant

Question 21

Drugs that precipitae G6PD

Answer 21

Sulphonamides
Fava beans
Ciprfloxacin

Question 22

What are howell jolly bodies

Answer 22

Howell–Jolly bodies are nuclear remnants. They are small, round cytoplasmic inclusions that stain purple on a Romanowsky stain. They are regularly present after splenectomy and when there is splenic atrophy

Question 23

Lipid laden macrophages

Answer 23

Gauchers disease

Common in jewish population
Lipid accumulation in liver and spleen result in pancytopenia and resulting complications