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MSRA > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Side effects of hydroxychloroquine

A

Blindness/retinopathy

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2
Q

SE of Gold

A

Nephropathy

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3
Q

SE of ertanacept

A

demyelination

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4
Q

SE of methotrexate

A

Pneumonitis
Myleosupression
liver cirrhosis

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5
Q

SE of sulfasalazine

A

Rashes
Oligospermia
Heinz body anaemia
Interstitial lung disease

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6
Q

SE of Penicillanmine

A

Proteinuria
Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis

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7
Q

SE of pred

A

Cushingoid features
Osteoporosis
Impaired glucose tolerance
Hypertension
Cataracts

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8
Q

NSAID associated with CV disease

A

Diclofenac

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9
Q

Codeine in breastfeeding

A

Warning as wuick meabolisers can convert to morphine and this can be transferred to the baby

Less risk with dihydrocodeine as not a prodrug

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10
Q

Montelukast SE

A

Vivid/bad dreams
Physiatric deterioration
Diarrhoea is common
Fevers, headaches & nausea

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11
Q

SSRI with the longest half life & how long?

A

Fluoexetine
Half life of 6 weeks (most other SSRIs are 1-2 weeeks)

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12
Q

What antibiotic should not be prescribed concurrently with simvastatin/statins and why?

A

Clarythromycin

Macrolide Abx which is a CYP450 inhibitor and increases simvastatin plasma levels

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13
Q

Name two cardioselective b blockers

A

bisoprolol & carvedilol

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14
Q

What statin reacts with amiodarone

A

Simavastatin

Other statins like rosuvastatin have less interaction.
Simavastatin should not be prescribed at doses >20mg with concurrent amiodarone

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15
Q

SE of methylphenidate in children

A

Falling height centiles, tachycardia, HTN, decreased appetite and alopecia

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16
Q

SE of doxy

A

Photosenstivity
Oseophagitis

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17
Q

Antibiotic associated with increased risk of cardiac events

A

Clarithromycin

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18
Q

B blocker SEs

A

Fatigue
raynaud’s
Worsening of asthma & psorasis
Rebound mycardial ischaemia with sudden stopping (usually weaned down)

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19
Q

Sodium cromoglycate SE

A

mast cell stabiliser used in excercise induced asthma

SEs: cough, throat irritation and headahces. rarely accumulation of eosinophils and eosinophilic pneumonia

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20
Q

Treatment of what conditions can cause jarish-herxheimer reaction

A

Lyme disease
Syphilis

Treatedment with benpenicillin

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21
Q

Macrolide ABx SE

A

Sensoneurral hearing loss

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22
Q

Lithium poisioning features

A

fine tremor
HYPER natraemia

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23
Q

SEs of penicillins

A

Thrombocytopenia

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24
Q

SEs of Leflunomide

A

HTN
Diarrhoea
Hepatitis

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25
Q

Drugs that cause drug induced lupus

A

Hydralazine
Chlorpromazine
Methyldopa
isonidazid
d-penicillamine
Minocycline

“I Hate Multiple Meds Causing Queer Problems’ = Isoniazid, hydralazine, methyldopa, minocycline, chlorpromazine, quinine, procainamide

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26
Q

oxybutanin in incontienenace MOA, indication and SEs

A

for OVERACTIVE bladded (o)
Relaxes bladder smooth muscle
Antimuscarinic

SEs antichoinergic SEs inc: cant see, cant pee, cant spit, cant shit

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27
Q

SEs of cipro

A

Tendonitis
Lowers seizure threshold

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28
Q

Atypical antiphsychotics in the elderly increase the risk of what

A

VTE/Stroke

Block D2 -> increase prolactin/weight gain and increase risk of VTE

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29
Q

Prophylaxis for contacts of meningococcal meningitis

A

Cipro or Rifampacin

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30
Q

What is used first line in maintaining Crohn’s remission

A

Azathioprine (TPMT levels need to be taken prior to starting)

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31
Q

Long term use of PPIs increases risk of what

A

fractures

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32
Q

3 drugs in H pylori eradication

A

Full dose PPI
Amox
Clari

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33
Q

Ezetimibe MoA

A

inhibitor of cholesterol absorption in the small intestine (stops NPCL1)

34
Q

PPIs moa

A

inhitib h/k ATPase proton pump

35
Q

Metochlopramide MoA

A

Dopamine antagonist

36
Q

Gingival hypertrophy drug that is NOT phenytoin

A

NIfedipine

37
Q

Grey/blue discolouration of skin (SE)

A

Amiodarone

38
Q

Doxasosin MoA

A

A1 adrenoceptor blocker (peripherally)

39
Q

What might you see on an FBC with Ibuprofen use

A

Thrombocytopenia

Immune mediated drug induced thrombocytopenia

40
Q

Drug that causes peripheral neuropathy

A

Simvastatin

41
Q

SSRI with shortest half life

A

Venlaflaxine (<12 hrs, therefore discontinuation Sx more common)

(and paroxetine)

42
Q

AED commonly causes agranulocytosis

A

Carbemazepine

43
Q

SSRI which is most likley to increase QTc

A

Citalopram

44
Q

What contraceptive is contraindicated in breastfeeding mothers <6 weeks

A

COCP - interferes with milk production

45
Q

contraception associated with liver pathology inc cholestasis and HCC

A

COCP

46
Q

Tetanus and polio contra indicated in what allergy?

A

Neomycin allergy

47
Q

Yellow fever vaccine contraindicated in which allergy

A

Egg allergy

48
Q

Finasteride MoA

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

Reduces testoterone production (stops testosterone to dihydrotestosterone)

SEs: infertility, sexual dysfunction & abnormal breast growth

49
Q

Tamsulosin MoA

A

a receptor blocker

Can alsp cause reactive hypotension

50
Q

PD med with high risk of hallucinations

A

Dopamine agonists such as ropinerole

51
Q

Pharmacological treatment option for Raynauds

A

Nifidipine

52
Q

Duloxetine for stress incontinence MoA

A

SNRI

Increases the activity of the nerve that stimulates the urethral sphincter, improving its function

53
Q

Urge incontinence med and MoA

A

Oxybutanin

Antimuscairinic

Oxybutynin works through competitive acetylcholine antagonism at postganglionic muscarinic receptors, leading to the relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bladder.

54
Q

Acute dystonic reaction - drug to prevent

A

Procyclidine

it belongs to a class of medication called anticholinergics that work by blocking acetylcholine. This helps decrease muscle stiffness, sweating, and the production of saliva

55
Q

SPider naevi associated with which dug?

A

COCP

56
Q

SSRI that is used to treat depression following MI/ACS

A

Fluoxetine

57
Q

Fibrotic reactions as a SE of which PD drugs

A

Bromocroptime/Cabergoline - i.e. dopamine agonists

57
Q

Drug that can trigger psoariasis flare

A

Lithium

58
Q

Contra indication of use of triptan in migraines

A

ischaemic heart disease

58
Q

Chlorampenicol severe SE

A

Bone marrow suppression/aplastic anaemia

58
Q

Treatment options for tonic-clonic seizures

A

males: sodium valproate

females: lamotrigine or levetiracetam

girls aged under 10 years and who are unlikely to need treatment when they are old enough to have children or women who are unable to have children may be offered sodium valproate first-line

58
Q

Treatment options for focal seizures

A

first line: lamotrigine or levetiracetam

second line: carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine or zonisamide

58
Q

Treatment options for absence seizures

A

first line: ethosuximide

second line:
male: sodium valproate
female: lamotrigine or levetiracetam

carbamazepine may exacerbate absence seizures

59
Q

Treatment options for myclonic seizures

A

males: sodium valproate

females: levetiracetam

60
Q

Treatment options for tonic or atonic seizures

A

males: sodium valproate

females: lamotrigine

61
Q

Secondary prophylaxis in ischaemic stroke

A

1st line: lifelong clopi
2nd line - if clopi CI: lifelong aspiring + dihydropyridamole

62
Q

Drug associated with Dupetrens contracture

A

Phenytoin

63
Q

COCP skin SE

A

Spider naevi (fill from centre once blanched)

Related to excess oestrogen

64
Q

Sulphonylurea SEs

A

Common adverse effects
1. hypoglycaemic episodes (more common with long-acting preparations such as chlorpropamide)
2. weight gain

Rarer adverse effects
- hyponatraemia secondary to syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion
- bone marrow suppression
- hepatotoxicity (typically cholestatic)
- peripheral neuropathy

Sulfonylureas should be avoided in breastfeeding and pregnancy.

65
Q

Latanoprost eye drops SE

A

Brown pigmentation of iris

66
Q

methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning (antifreeze) antidote

A

Fomepizole

67
Q

Pyrazinamide SE

A

arthralgia, hyperuricaemia, rashes, hepatitis (rare)

68
Q

Infliximab SE

A

Worsening of HF and associated issues

To be used with caution in those with existing heart failure

69
Q

Fluoxetine interation with which Ca treatment?

A

Tamoxifen

fluoextine & paroextine inhibit the CPY enzyme that converts tamoxifen into its more potent/active form

70
Q

B blocker complication in diabetics & non idabetics

A

hypoglycaemia

71
Q

Benzo used when weaning off benzos

A

diazepam

long half life, minimises sx of withdrawal

72
Q

Meds that worsen psoriasis

A

bblocker
lithium
ACE i
NSAIDS
hydroxchloroquine

73
Q

Euglycaemic DKA drug

A

SGLT2 inhibitors

74
Q

Pioglitazone SEs

A

fluid retention & bladder CA

75
Q

antiemetic in pregnancy associsted with heart defects and cleft palate

A

ondansetron

SEs dont mean not to give it- to be balanced with risk

76
Q
A

MSRA (16 decks)

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