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Anaphy Lecture > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main blood vessels in the cardiovascular system?

A 
Carotid Artery
Jagular Vein
Aorta
Pulmonary Trunk
Heart
Brachial Artery
Inferior Vena Cava
Femoral Artery and Vein
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2
Q

Cardiovascular System Components?

A

Heart, Blood, Blood Vessels

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3
Q

how many liters of blood do we have?

A

5L

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4
Q

the heart’s right side pumping to the LUNGS and back to the left side of the heart through vessels is the??

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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5
Q

The left side of the heart pumps blood to all other tissues of the body and back to the right side of the heart is the?

A

Systemic Circulation

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6
Q

what is the size of the heart?

A

size of fist and less than 1lb

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7
Q

where is heart located?

A

in between lungs in thoracic cavity

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8
Q

what is the orientation of the heart?

A

Apex towards left side

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9
Q

double layers sac that protects and anchors the heart?

A

Pericardium

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10
Q

membrane around the cavity of heart

A

parietal pericardium

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11
Q

membrane on the heart’s surface

A

visceral pericardium

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12
Q

space around the heart

A

Pericardial cavity

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13
Q

how many pulmonary veins does carry blood into the left atrium?

A

4

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14
Q

veins that carries blood from the right atrium

A

SVC and IVC

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15
Q

groove that separates atria from ventricles

A

coronary sulcus

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16
Q

4 chambers of the heart

A

Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle

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17
Q

these are the superior chambers
“HOLDING CHAMBERS)

thin-walled that contracts minimally to push blood into the ventricles

A

Left and Right atria

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18
Q

separates the blood from the right atrium to the left atrium

A

interatrial Septum

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19
Q

inferior chambers
“PUMPING CHAMBERS”

thick, strong-walled and contracts forcefully to send blood out of the heart

A

Ventricles

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20
Q

separates the left and right ventricles

A

interventricular septum

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21
Q

2 valves in the heart

A

Tricuspid Valve

Bicuspid Valve

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22
Q

AV Valves between RA and RV?

A

Tricuspid (3 cusp)

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23
Q

AV Valves between LA and LV?

A

Bicuspid Valve (2 cusp) Mitral Valve

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24
Q

each ventricle contains cone-shaped called?

A

Papillary Muscle

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25
muxcle in the heart?
myocardium
26
muscles of papillary Muscle is attached to
Chordae Tendineae
27
T or F when the ventricles contract, the papillary muscle also contracts that prevent the valves from opening into the atria by pulling Chordae Tendineae attached Valves cusp
True
28
tendons in atrioventricular valves?
Chordae tendineae
29
have 3 half-moon shaped cusp
semilunar valves
30
Right Ventricles to Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary Valve
31
between LV and Aorta
Aortic Valve
32
connective tissue plate that acts as electrical insulator to atria and ventricles and provides rigid attachment site for cardiac muscle
Cardiac Skeleton or Fibrous Skeleton
33
Blood Flow through the Heart
``` SVC and IVC RA Tricuspid Valve RV Pulmonary Semilunar Valve Pulmonary Trunk Pulmonary Arteries Lungs Pulmonary Veins LA Bicuspid Valve LV Aortic Semilunar Valve Aorta throughout the body ```
34
supply blood to the heart
coronary artery
35
drains the blood from the cardiac muscle parallel to coronary artery drains the blood into the coronary sinus coronary sinus -> RA
Cardiac veins
36
pacemaker of the heart
sinoatrial node
37
heart wall is composed of
epicardium myocardium endocardium
38
surface of the heart
epicardium
39
thick middle layer composed of cardiac muscles
myocardium
40
smooth inner surface of the heart
endocardium
41
T or F cardiac muscle has 3 nucleus
False 1 lang
42
T or F cardiac muscles is branching muscles, rich in mitochondria, and striated (actin and myosin) intercalated disc- connects the cell
True
43
The cardiac muscle action potential is called?
pacemaker potential depolarization plateau repolarization
44
Na channels open | Ca channels open
depolarization phase
45
Na channels open Some K channels open Ca channels still open
Plateau Phase
46
K channels open | Ca channels closed
repolarization phase
47
muscle where ap it takes 2msec
skeletal muscle
48
muscle where ap takes 200-500msec
cardiac muscles
49
T or f skeletal muscle have plateau phase
False cardiac muscle lang
50
Conduction System of the Heart? what are those
``` sinoatrial node atrioventricularar node atrioventricular bundle or the bundle of his R and L bundle branches Purkinje Fibres ```
51
where ap originates ra Large number of Ca Channels
Sinoatrial node
52
located in the lower portion of RA
Atrioventricular Node
53
T or F Slow conduction of AP in the heart allows the atria to complete their contraction before action potentials are delivered to ventricles
True
54
T or F Purkinje Fibers pass to the apex of the heart and then extended to the cardiac muscle of the ventricular walls
True
55
records the electrical events in the heart
ECG or EKG | electrocardiodiagram
56
depolarization of atria
P wave
57
depolarization of ventricles
QRS waves
58
repolarization of ventricles
T wave
59
all events that occur in one single heartbeat is called?
Cardiac Cycle
60
primer pumps | actual pumps
atria | ventricles
61
the mechanism in nervous system the plays an important role in heart function: monitor the blood pressure in the aorta and carotid frequency in AP medulla oblongata
Baroreceptor Reflex
62
T or F chemoreceptors- chemicals can affect the heart rate and stroke volume
True
63
disease cause by decreased blood supply to the heart coronary arteries are narrowed
Coronary Artery Disease
64
AKA Heart Attack closure of 1 or more coronary arteries lacking blood supply
Myocardial Infarction
65
heart procedure that opens a blocks BV
Angioplasty
66
structures are inserted to the blood vessels to keep it open
Stent
67
reroutes the blood away from blocked arteries
Bypass
68
ability to generate an electric impulse automatically
Automaticity
69
ability to pass impulse to the next cell
Conductivity
70
ability to shorten the fibers in the heart when receiving signals
Contractility
71
the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle over 1 minute
Cardiac Output
72
formula of cardiac output
CO= Stroke volume X heart rate
73
amount of blood ejected from the heart every heart beat
Stroke Volume
74
number of times heart contracts in a minute
Heart Rate
75
stretching of muscle fibers in the ventricle
Preload
76
cardiac muscles shorten
Contractility
77
the further the muscles the greater the contraction will be
Frank-Starling Law

Anaphy Lecture (15 decks)

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