HEART

Question 1

A sign of pressure overload _____ has increased force and duration but i not usually displaced in left ventricular hypertrophy without dilation associated with aortic stenosis or systemic hypertension

Answer 1

accentuated apical impulse

Question 2

-a sign of volume overload
-Apical impulse displaced laterally
-Found over a wider area is the result of
ventricular hypertrophy and dilation

Answer 2

laterally displaced apical impulse

Question 3

is associated with right ventricular hypertrophy caused by pulmonic hypertension and chronic lung disease

Answer 3

lift or heave

Question 4

is palpated over second and third intercostal space m, may indicate severe aortic stenosis and systemic hypertension

Answer 4

thrill

Question 5

evaluates patency of the radial or ulnar arteries.

Answer 5

Allen’s test

Question 6

calf pain at dorsiflexion of the foot) is thought to be associated with the presence of thrombosis.

Answer 6

hoan’s sign

Question 7

pain in calf when foot is dorsiflexed

Answer 7

homan’s sign

Question 8

double systolic peak

Answer 8

bisferiens pulse

Question 9

left ventricular failure

regular rhythm

Answer 9

pulsus alternans

Question 10

Regular, irregular rhythm (one normal beat followed by a premature contraction)

Alternates in amplitude (one strong pulse followed by
a quick, weaker one

Causes
• Premature ventricular contractions

Answer 10

bigeminal pulse

Question 11

Characteristics
• Palpable decrease in pulse amplitude on quiet inspiration
• Pulse becomes stronger with expiration • You may need a sphygmomanometer to detect the change (the systolic pressure will decrease by more than 10 mmH during inspiration)

Causes
•Pericardial camponade
• Constrictive pericarditis
• Obstructive lung disease

Answer 11

paradoxical pulse

Question 12

S1 sound is heard best at

Answer 12

apex (mitral area)

Question 13

S2 heart sound is heard best at

Answer 13

base (aortic and pulmonic area)

Question 14

Extra heart sounds and murmurs can be
auscultated with a stethoscope over the

Answer 14

pericardium

Question 15

M1 occurs first because of increased pressure on the left side of the heart and because of

Answer 15

myocardial depolarization

Question 16

S3 and S4 are referred to as

Answer 16

diastolic filling

Question 17

Results from ventricular vibration secondary to rapid ventricular filling

Answer 17

extra heart sounds

Question 18

S3 heard early in diastole after S2. Often termed

Answer 18

ventricular gallop

Question 19

measurement of the elevation at which the highest oscillation point of the jugular venous pulsation is evident

Answer 19

jugular venous pressure

Question 20

reflects pressure in the right atrium

Answer 20

jugular venous pressure (central)

Question 21

soft,rapid,undulating
3 elevations, 2 troughs per beat

Answer 21

internal jugular pulsation

Question 22

vigorous thrust with ingle outward component

Answer 22

carotid pulse

Question 23

eliminated by light pressure on vein just above sternal end of the clavicle

Answer 23

internal jugular pulsation

Question 24

S2 is usually ___ than S1

Answer 24

louder

Question 25

two components of S2

Answer 25

A2-left sided aortic valve closure
P2- right sided pulmonic valve closure

Question 26

at the apex, S1 is ___ than S2

Answer 26

louder

Question 27

Very faint, heard only after the listener has “tuned in”; may not be heard in all positions

Answer 27

Grade 1

Question 28

Quiet but heard immediately on placing the stethoscope on the chest

Answer 28

Grade 2

Question 29

moderately loud

Answer 29

Grade 3

Question 30

Loud with palpable thrills

Answer 30

Grade 4

Question 31

Very loud, may be heard with a stethoscope partly off the chest

Answer 31

Grade 5

Question 32

May be heard with the stethoscope entirely off the chest

Answer 32

Grade 6