Heart/circulation Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the Heart and what’s it’s purpose
It’s an organ consisting mainly of muscle tissue. pumps blood around the body
Describe the circulation in a fish (start from deoxygenated )
Fish has a single circulatory system : heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the gills ( collects oxygen) that passes oxygenated blood straight to the rest of the organs ( oxygen diffuses out of the blood and into body cells). Then the deoxygenated blood is returned back to the heart
Describe the circulatory system of humans
Have a double circulatory system: deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs where it collects oxygen. The oxygenated blood returns back to the heart which then pumps it to the organs where to blood transfers oxygen to body cells. The deoxygenated blood returns back to the heart which pumps it back to the lungs to receive oxygen.
What separates atria to ventricle
Atrioventricular valves
What does vena cava do
Bring deoxygenated blood from the body
What does the pulmonary artery do
Pass the deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
What does the pulmonary vein do
Pass the oxygenated blood form the lungs to the heart
What pumps the oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
Aorta
Which chamber does the blood enter first and from where (2)
Blood from the body enters the right atrium, blood from the lungs enter the left atrium
What happens after the blood is in the atria
The atria contracts ( AV valves open) and the blood is forced into the ventricles
What happens after the blood reaches the ventricles
The ventricles contract forcing the blood out of the heart (through semi-lunar valves)
What’s the purpose of AV valves
Stop the blood from flowing backwards into the atria when the ventricles contract
What side of the heart is thicker and why
The left side has a thicker muscular wall because it has to pump bloodtonthe entire body unlike the right side which only pumps blood to the lungs
Where are the coronary arteries and what’s the purpose
They are branched out of the aorta and spread into the heart muscles. Purpose is to provide oxygen to the muscle cells
Why/where is oxygen used in the heart
Used in respiration to provide the energy for contraction
What is the heart rate controlled by. What if it stops working?
The natural resting heart rate is controlled by the pacemaker. If the pacemaker is faulty doctors can implant an artificial pacemaker
What is an artificial pace maker
Small electrical device that corrects irregularities in the heart rate
State the two circulations in the double circulatory system
Pulmonary circulation & Systemic circulation
Describe pulmonary circulation (RV-LA)
R ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to take in oxygen. Blood returns back to the heart (blood flows between heart & lungs) NOT BODY
Describe systemic circulation (LV-RA)
L ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around all the other organs of the body. The oxygen diffuses out into the body cells, deoxygenated blood returns to the heart ( blood flows between heart & body) NOT LUNGS
Describe the entire RHS of double circulatory system
- Deoxygenated blood (from body) entire R atrium via Vena cava
- Atria contracts and AV valves open, pushing the blood into R ventricle
- Ventricle contracts forcing the blood into the pulmonary artery via semi lunar valves
- The deoxygenated blood then receives oxygen tin the lungs through gas exchange
Describe the entire LHS of double circulatory system
- Oxygenated blood from lungs enter left atrium via pulmonary veins
- Atria contracts and AV valves open pushing blood into left ventricle
- Ventricle contracts forcing blood into aorta via semi lunar valves
- Blood flows around all the other organs giving oxygen to body cells
What are veins
Vessels that enter the heart USUALLY with deoxygenated blood ( except pulmonary vein which has oxygenated blood)
What are arteries
Vessels that leave the heart USUALLY with oxygenated blood ( except pulmonary artery which has deoxygenated blood)
