Heat and Temperature

Question 1

are interrelated and sometimes the difference between the two can be a bit confusing

Answer 1

heat and temperature

Question 2

deals with thermal energy

Answer 2

heat

Question 3

is associated with molecular kinetic energy

Answer 3

temperature

Question 4

is a measure of the average translational kinetic energy associated with the disordered motion of atoms and molecules.

Answer 4

temperature

Question 5

property of a system which determines whether or not heat is transferred to or from an object.

Answer 5

temperature

Question 6

can be described as the determination of the object’s sensation of warmth or coldness. in a qualitative manner

Answer 6

temperature

Question 7

how “hot” or “cold” an object is

Answer 7

temperature

Question 8

is transferred to the object (ex. stove heats pan)

Answer 8

heat

Question 9

____ refers to the amount of energy in an object while ____is the measurement of hotness or coldness of an object.

Answer 9

heat
temperature

Question 10

___depends on mass of the substance, however; ____does not depend on the quantity of matter.

Answer 10

heat
temperature

Question 11

____can be measured directly using a thermometer but ___ cannot be measures directly with a device; mass, temperature and specific heat capacity must be known.

Answer 11

temperatuer
heat

Question 12

_____ is the measure of total kinetic energy of all molecules in a substance while ____ is the measure of average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance.

Answer 12

heat
temperature

Question 13

temperature scales (3)

Answer 13

fahrenheit
celsius
kelvin

Question 14

classic English system for measuring temperature, created by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1714

Answer 14

Fahrenheit

Question 15

divides the difference between boiling point and freezing point of water into 180 degrees.

Answer 15

Fahrenheit

Question 16

metric system of measuring temperature; devised by Anders Celsius in 1744; originally called degrees Centigrade

Answer 16

celsius

Question 17

The scale is divided into 100 degrees between freezing point of water and boiling point of water

Answer 17

celsius

Question 18

who devised Fahrenheit

Answer 18

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit

Question 19

who devised Celsius

Answer 19

Anders Celsius

Question 20

who devised Kelvin

Answer 20

William Thomson

Question 21

devised by William Thomson (a.k.a. Lord Kelvin); temperature scale designed so that zero degrees K is defined as absolute zero

Answer 21

Kelvin

Question 22

the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases based on the classical description of thermodynamics

Answer 22

absolute zero

Question 23

formula of conversion of C to F

Answer 23

F = 1.8(oC) + 32

Question 24

formula of conversion from F to C

Answer 24

C = oF-32/1.8

Question 25

conversion of oC to K

Answer 25

K = C + 273.16

Question 26

state that exists when two bodies that are in contact with each other no longer transfer heat between them.

Answer 26

thermal equilibrium

Question 27

It means that an object has the same temperature throughout its interior.

Answer 27

thermal equilibrium

Question 28

If two objects are in thermal equilibrium with a third, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer 28

zeroth law of thermodynamics

Question 29

formula of zeroth law of thermodynamics

Answer 29

if TA=TC and Tb=Tc then Ta=Tb

Question 30

When heat is given to a body one or more of the following may happen

Answer 30

increase in temperature Increase in length ( area, volume) Change in state of the body (ex. Solid to liquid) change in chemical composition change in electrical properties change in color

Question 31

is a consequence of change in the average separation between its constituent atoms or molecules.

Answer 31

thermal expansion

Question 32

at ordinary temperatures, molecules vibrate with small amplitude but as the temperature ____, the amplitude increases causing an expansion of the whole object

Answer 32

increases

Question 33

Experiments show that the increase in length or expansion of a solid depends of three factors:

Answer 33

material of which the solid is made original length of material change in temperature

Question 34

to calculate the magnitude of an expansion, the equation is used:

Answer 34

ΔL = aLoΔT

Question 35

The expansion of an ____ of a flat substance is derived from the linear expansion in both directions:

Answer 35

area

Question 36

area expansion formula

Answer 36

ΔA = 2aAoΔT

Question 37

three dimensions expand

Answer 37

volume expansion

Question 38

gamma is equivalent to

Answer 38

2a

Question 39

volume expansion formula

Answer 39

BVoΔT

Question 40

for solids, B is equal to

Answer 40

3a

Question 41

do execrises in thermal expansion

Answer 41

8

Question 42

When energy is transferred to a substance by heating it, the temperature of the substance usually rises.

Answer 42

heat capacity

Question 43

The amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance is proportional to the temperature change and to the mass of the substance.

Answer 43

heat capacity

Question 44

specific heat capacity of water

Answer 44

4.186 J /oC Kg

Question 45

amount of heat formula

Answer 45

CΔT = mcΔT

Question 46

Q is positive if ΔT is positive; that is,

Answer 46

if heat is added to a system.

Question 47

Q is negative if ΔT is negative; that is, if

Answer 47

heat is removed from a system

Question 48

the amount of energy transferred via heating necessary to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree.

Answer 48

heat capacity

Question 49

heat capacity per unit mass

Answer 49

specific heat or specific heat capacity

Question 50

do practice problems 1-5

Answer 50

+1

Question 51

if you double the thickness of a wall built from a homogenous material, the rate of heat loss for a given temperature difference across the thickness will

Answer 51

become one-half of its original value

Question 52

how many calories are equal to one BTU one calorie= 4.186 J one BTU = 1054J

Answer 52

251.8 cal

Question 53

on a sunny day at the beach, the reason the sand gets so hot and the water stays relatively cool is attributed to the difference in which property of the sand

Answer 53

specific heat

Question 54

the reason ocean temperatures do not vary drastically is that

Answer 54

water has a relatively high specific heat

Question 55

the heat required to change a substance from the solid to the liquid sate is referred to as the

Answer 55

heat of fusion

Question 56

smallest unit of heat energy

Answer 56

joule

Question 57

phase changes occur as temp decreases as temp increases as temp remains the same

Answer 57

as temp remains the same

Question 58

the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1oC is referred to as

Answer 58

calorie

Question 59

measure of average kinetic energy

Answer 59

temperature

Question 60

: If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other what law

Answer 60

zeroth law

Question 61

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred or converted from one form to another what law

Answer 61

law of conservation of energy (1st law of thermodynamics)

Question 62

The total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time. Entropy tends to increase, leading systems to move towards thermodynamic equilibrium (maximum entropy). what law of thermodynamics

Answer 62

second law of thermodynamics

Question 63

as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value. what law of thermodynamics

Answer 63

third law of thermodynamics