Help seeking Flashcards
(26 cards)
Formal sources
health professional
Semi-formal
non- health professional
e.g., lecturer or coach
Informal
family and friends
Self-help
books
apps
unguided website
MH-S process
awareness
expression
availability
willingness
behaviour = seeking help
HS attitudes
one’s evaluation of a behaviour and degree of openness towards it
HS intentions
conscious plan to exert effort to communicate about a problem, emotional pain or psychological issue, where that communication is an attempt to obtain perceived support, advice or assistance that will reduce personal distress
HS behaviour
behaviour of actively seeking help from other people
communicating with other people to obtain help in terms of understanding, advice, information, treatment and general support in response to a problem or distressing experience
Barriers to help seeking
stigma
mental health literacy
Help-seeking behaviours 6 weeks post-workshop
questions included whether they did or did not seek help and why, where they sort help and reasons for seeking help
Extent to which internalized stigma towards mental illness deters seeking mental health treatment
Self-stigma of seeking help scale
SSOSH
Vogel et al., 2006
Degree to which individuals feel their social network would view going to therapy as stigmatizing
perceptions of stigmatization by others for seeking help
PSOSH
Vogel et al 2009
Ego-syntonic
being in a state consistent with one’s self-concept; not distressing or threatening
athlete values disorder - lose weight - improve performance
= resistance to help-seeking
Ego-dystonic
perceived as alien, or out of line with one’s self-concept; extremely distressing and/or threatening
athlete ashamed of BE behaviour
Motivational interviewing
athletes resistance to change
evidence-based
non-confrontational counseling approach
counselor express empathy, developing discrepancy, rolling with resistance and supporting self-efficacy
(Mcdonald et al., 2012)
intrinsic motivation
client-centred method
Recommendations improve MHL
planning - theoretical planning/integrate strategies several barriers
delivery - duration 10m-1h/mode f2f or online
evaluation - long-term follow up, identify active intervention components, valid/reliable measures to assess outcomes
lack evidence based
Bu et al., 2020
Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 1 (SMHAT-1)
- triage - APSQ
- screening tool - 6 disorder-specific screening questionnaire e.g., GAD-7
- brief intervention and monitoring - APSQ re-administered - positive = next step
clinical assessment and management - by sport medicine physician/licensced - additional info: severity/complexity
identify athletes at risk/already experience
Components MHL
understanding how to obtain/maintain good MH
understanding mental disorders and treatment
decreasing stigma related mental disorders
enhancing help-seeking efficacy
Kutcher et al., 2016
BASES recommendations MHL
on-going process = start early age = increase awareness/brain developing
important ecological perspective - coach/parent need high MHL
critical contextual awareness
designed with collective awareness of all individuals in elite sport
evidence-based programmes
MHL SWOT
strengths - coach motivated to improve MHL
weaknesses - no referral system
opportunities - develop partnership uni + mental health service
threats - lack of resources
Bases recommendations
critical appraisal of MHL evidence base
design of future research studies
development and evaluation of MHL interventions
policies and practices of sport organisations
Coach mental health
high levels in grassroot/community coach
Smith et al., 2020
Determinants of MH
age
gender
race/ethnicity
income level and employment
education level
sexual orientation
geographical location
deprivation
debt
poor housing and fuel poverty
stressful life events
violence
