Hematology

Question 1

Blood cells are referred to as _____ all of which are suspended in _____ fluid.

Answer 1

corpuscles

plasma

Question 2

_____ is plasma without coagulation factors (especially fibrinogen)

Answer 2

Serum

Question 3

Plasma has a higher protein concentration which establishes the _____

Answer 3

Osmotic gradient

Question 4

~60% of plasma protein is _____

~35%of plasma protein are _____

Answer 4

albumin

globulins

Question 5

What are the 3 types of Corpuscles?

Answer 5

Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes

Question 6

Why do Erythrocytes appear red?

Answer 6

Due to the 200-300 molecules of hemoglobin in each

Question 7

What are the 2 types of hemoglobin?

Answer 7

Type A (adult) 
Type F (fetal)

Question 8

What is Myoglobin?

Answer 8

Muscle “hemoglobin”
this is the oxygen store within muscle fibers
its greater oxygen affinity curve allows for transfer of oxygen from blood to muscles

Question 9

_____ is the formation of blood cells (corpuscles)

Answer 9

Hematopoiesis

Question 10

All corpuscles arise from cells known as _____.

Answer 10

Pluripotent uncommitted stem cells

Question 11

_____ is the production of erythrocytes.

Answer 11

Erythropoiesis

Question 12

_____ is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the Kidneys (90%) and Liver (10%) that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in response to falling levels of oxygen in the tissues.

Answer 12

Erythropoietin

Question 13

_____ anemia is caused by a lack of dietary iron, poor iron absorption or loss of iron stores

Answer 13

Iron-Deficiency

Question 14

_____ anemia is a lack of vitamin B12

Answer 14

Pernicious

Question 15

_____ anemia results from a decrease in blood cell production (radiation, benzene)

Answer 15

Aplastic

Question 16

_____ anemia results from an increase RBC destruction surpassing replacement rate

Answer 16

Hemolytic

Question 17

_____ anemia is a result of blood loss

Answer 17

Hemorrhagic

Question 18

What are the 2 classifications of leukocytes?

Answer 18

Granulocytes

Agranulocytes

Question 19

Granulocytes can be subdivided in to 3 types. What are they?

Answer 19

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 20

What are the 2 types of Agranulocytes?

Answer 20

Monocytes

Lymphocytes

Question 21

_____ is the most abundant leukocyte, formed in bone marrow. They contain multi-lobulated nuclei, and efficient in engulfing things.

Answer 21

Neutrophils

Question 22

As neutrophils granules become depleted this causes enzyme and histamine release prior to neutrophil death known as _____.

Answer 22

Neutrophil burst or degranulation

Question 23

Neutrophils pass through capillary and venue pores in a process known as _____.

Answer 23

diapedesis

Question 24

Neutrophils also produce _____ which cause the temperature regulatory center in the hypothalamus to raise body temperature (fever)

Answer 24

pyrogens

Question 25

_____ originate in bone marrow, are motile and slightly phagocytic.

Answer 25

Eosinophils

Question 26

_____ originate in marrow and have little to no phagocytic activity.

Answer 26

Basophil

Question 27

_____ the largest of the leukocytes (about 3X the size of an erythrocyte). Capable of diapedesis, upon migration to tissue called macrophage

Answer 27

Monocytes

Question 28

_____ nucleus is large, round and cell has little cytoplasm. There are T-_____ and B-_____. (all same word)

Answer 28

Lymphocytes

Question 29

T-lymphocytes complete their development in the _____ and B-lymphocytes mature in the _____.

Answer 29

Thymus gland | Spleen

Question 30

Activated T-lymphocytes give rise to clones of lymphocytes responsive to the antigen, conferring _____

Answer 30

Cell-mediated immunity

Question 31

What are the 4 types of T-lymphocytes?

Answer 31

T8 Suppressor T8 Cytotoxic T4 Helper T4 Inducer

Question 32

B-lymphocytes can live for many years and are the basis of the body's humoral or _____.

Answer 32

Antibody-mediated immunity

Question 33

What are the 5 classes of antibodies?

Answer 33

1. IgG - most abundant 2. IgA - found in secretion 3. IgM - found on B-cell surface 4. IgD - also found on B-call surface 5. IgE - role in allergic reaction