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Hematology > Hematology Week 2: Pharmacology of Hemostasis > Flashcards

Hematology Week 2: Pharmacology of Hemostasis Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

Know these drugs

A
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2
Q

Question 1

A

D Thromboxane A2 levels

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3
Q

Question 2

A

Severe hypocalcemia can occur during transfusion or a liver transplant which can decrease the ability to form a clot

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4
Q

Thromboxane A2 pathway

10 steps

A
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5
Q

Aspirin MOA

A
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6
Q

Aspirin Clinical Use

2 listed

A
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7
Q

Aspirin Adverse Effects

2 listed

A
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8
Q

Abciximab MOA

2 listed

A
  • blocks fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIIa, noncompetitively) on activated platelets
  • Blocks platelet aggregation
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9
Q

Abciximab Clinical Use

2 listed

A
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10
Q

Abciximab Adverse Effects

2 listed

A
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11
Q

Abciximab Pathway

A
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12
Q

Question 3

A

A Reduce the maximum level of platelet aggregation produced by the GPIIb-IIIa agonist (fibrinogen) but not alter the EC50 for fibrinogen

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13
Q

Competitive antagonist

A
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14
Q

Platelet ADP receptor pathway

A
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15
Q

Ticagrelor MOA

A
  • Blocks ADP (PSY12) receptors
  • Prevents expression of GIIb/IIIa on platelet surface
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16
Q

Clopidogrel MOA

A
  • Blocks ADP (PSY12) receptors
  • Prevents expression of GIIb/IIIa on platelet surface
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17
Q

Prasugrel MOA

A
  • Blocks ADP (PSY12) receptors
  • Prevents expression of GIIb/IIIa on platelet surface
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18
Q

Ticagrelor Clinical Use

2 listed

A
  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Coronary stenting, decrease recurrence of thrombotic stroke
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19
Q

Clopidogrel Clinical Use

2 Listed

A
  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Coronary stenting, decrease recurrence of thrombotic stroke
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20
Q

Prasugrel Clinical Use

2 Listed

A
  • Acute coronary syndrome
  • Coronary stenting, decrease recurrence of thrombotic stroke
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21
Q

Ticagrelor Adverse Effects

2 Listed

A
  • Bleeding
  • Thrombocytopenia (rare)
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22
Q

Clopidogrel Adverse Effects

2 Listed

A
  • Bleeding
  • Thrombocytopenia (rare)
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23
Q

Prasugrel Adverse Effects

2 Listed

A
  • Bleeding
  • Thrombocytopenia (rare)
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24
Q

Cilostazol MOA

A
  • PDE (type 3) inhibitor = increase cAMP
  • Prevents platelet aggregation
  • vasodilation
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25
Dipyridamole MOA
* PDE (type 3) inhibitor = increase cAMP * Prevents platelet aggregation * vasodilation
26
Cilostazol Clinical Use 3 listed
* Intermittent claudication * Coronary vasodilation * thrombotic stroke prevention or TIA (aspirin combo)
27
Dipyridamole Clinical Use 3 listed
* Intermittent claudication * Coronary vasodilation * thrombotic stroke prevention or TIA (aspirin combo)
28
Cilostazol Adverse Effects 3 listed
* Bleeding * Nausea, headache * hypotension, abdominal pain
29
Dipyridamole Adverse Effects 3 listed
* Bleeding * Nausea, headache * hypotension, abdominal pain
30
PDE 3 type 3 inhibitor pathway
31
PDE Type 3 inhibitors
Cilostazol and Dipyridamole
32
Question 4
C Decrease Aggregation
33
Vorapaxar MOA 2 listed
34
Vorapaxar Clinical Use 3 listed
35
Vorapaxar is contraindicated in?
patients who have an intracerebral hemorrhage or stroke and TIA
36
Vorapaxar Adverse Effects 2 listed
37
With platelets Decreased PKA leads to?
Platelet activation
38
Platelet inhibitors
39
Summary of platelet activation mechanisms
40
Warfarin MOA 2 listed
41
Warfarin Clinical Use 2 listed
42
Warfarin Adverse Effects 4 listed
43
Vitamin K epoxide reductase gene polymorphisms
change how Warfarin works
44
Warfarin w/ heparin or dorect thrombin inhibitors in patients with low protein C or S
can cause skin necrosis
45
Question 5
B Increased
46
Vitamin K Cycle & mechanism of Warfarin
47
Warfarin Timeline
not for rapid anticoagulation
48
Question 6
C Administer 4 Factor prothrombin complex concentrate can also administer Vitamin K but this would be slow
49
Heparin MOA 3 listed
50
What is this?
51
Heparin Clinical Use
52
Heparin Adverse Effects 4 listed
53
Low Molecular Weight heparins mainly inhibits
Factors 2a and 10a
54
Warfarin is given how?
oral
55
Heparin is given how
IV
56
Warfarin and Heparin can have this side effect
Bleeding Osteoporosis
57
Heparin Pathway
binds to anti-thrombin III and increases its enzymatic activity by 1000x by holding it in a stable conformation
58
Problems with Heparin
poor availability because of natural heparinases and a risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
59
MOA for LMWH
Low Molecular Weight Heparin
60
Question 7
E Thrombocytopenia
61
Heparin vs Warfarin
62
Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia
63
Management of Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia 4 listed
64
Hirudin MOA
65
Hirudin Clinical Use
66
Hirudin Adverse Effects
67
Bivalirudin MOA 2 listed
68
Bivalirudin Clinical Use 3 listed
69
Bivalirudin Adverse Effects 2 listed
70
Argatroban MOA​ 2 Listed
71
Argatroban Clinical Use​ 3 Listed
72
Argatroban Adverse Effects 2 Listed
73
Dabigatran MOA 2 Listed
74
Dabigatran Clinical Use 2 Listed
75
Dabigatran Adverse Effects 2 Listed
76
Hirudins 4 listed
* Hirudin * Bivalirudin * Argatroban * Dabigatran
77
Hirudin Bleeding Antidotes 3 listed
* Idarucizumab * PCC * antifibrinolytic (tranexamic acid)
78
Apixaban, Rivaroxaban and Edoxaban do what?
Inhibit Factor Xa
79
Dabigatran does what?
Inhibits Factor IIa
80
Fondaparinux MOA 2 listed
81
Rivaroxiban MOA 2 listed
82
Apixaban MOA 2 listed
83
Fondaparinux Clinical Use 3 listed
84
Rivaroxiban Clinical Use 3 listed
85
Apixaban Clinical Use 3 listed
86
Fondaparinux Adverse Effects 2 listed
87
Rivaroxiban Adverse Effects 2 listed
88
Apixaban Adverse Effects 2 listed
89
Question 8
90
Anticoagulant Reversal Agents for life-threatening bleeding
91
Alteplase (tPA) MOA 3 listed
92
Alteplase (tPA) Clinical Use 2 listed
93
Alteplase (tPA) Adverse Effects 2 listed
94
Reteplase (rTPA) MOA 3 listed
95
Reteplase (rTPA) Clinical Use 2 listed
96
Reteplase (rTPA) Adverse Effects 2 listed
97
Tenecteplase (TNK-tPA) MOA 3 listed
98
Tenecteplase (TNK-tPA) Clinical Use 2 listed
99
Tenecteplase (TNK-tPA) Adverse Effects 2 listed
100
The Fibrinolytic pathway
101
Question 9
102
Fibrinolytic inhibitors
Tranexamic Acid Aminocaproic Acid
103
Fibrinolytic Inhibitors AKA
Antiplasmin Drugs
104
Question 10
105
heparin antidote
Protamine Sulfate

Hematology (26 decks)

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