Hemodynamic Monitoring

Question 1

Normal PA pressures are (mmHg)

Answer 1

8-15

Question 2

CVP reflects

Answer 2

Right atrial pressure

Question 3

Pulmonary artery pressure reflects

Answer 3

Right and left side heart pressures

Question 4

PA wedge pressure reflects

Answer 4

Preload of the left atrium

Question 5

Normal range for cardiac output is

Answer 5

4-8 L/min

Question 6

Normal range for PAWP is

Answer 6

8-12 mmHg

Question 7

Normal range for CVP is

Answer 7

2-6 mmHg

Question 8

Cardiac output is determined by

Answer 8

Heart Rate * Stroke Volume

Question 9

SVR measures

Answer 9

Afterload of the left side of the heart

Question 10

Pulmonary vascular resistance measures

Answer 10

Afterload of the right side of the heart

Question 11

The dichrotic notch indicates

Answer 11

Closure of a valve (aortic or pulmonic)

Question 12

A decrease in CVP may indicate

Answer 12

Vasodilation
Hypovolemia
Decreased venous return

Question 13

An increase in CVP may indicate

Answer 13

Right side heart failure

Question 14

A decrease in SVR may indicate

Answer 14

Distributive Shock (neurogenic, anaphylactic, septic)

Question 15

An increase in SVR may indicate

Answer 15

Cardiogenic or Hypovolemic Shock

Question 16

The “a” wave in a CVP waveform indicates __ and corresponds to what part of the ECG?

Answer 16

Rise in atrial pressure as a result of atrial contraction, corresponds with the PR interval

Question 17

The “c” wave in a CVP waveform indicates __ and corresponds to what part of the ECG?

Answer 17

Rise in atrial pressure when AV valve closes, corresponds with mid/late QRS

Question 18

The “v” wave in a CVP waveform indicates __ and corresponds to what part of the ECG?

Answer 18

Rise in atrial pressure as a result of ventricular contraction, corresponds with mid T wave

Question 19

The “x descent” in a CVP waveform indicates __ and is seen where?

Answer 19

Atrial relaxation, the downslope of the “a” wave

Question 20

The “y descent” in a CVP waveform indicates __ and is seen where?

Answer 20

Atrial emptying, the downslope of the “v” wave