Hemostasis

Question 1

What is hemostasis?

Answer 1

The body’s natural process of stopping bleeding from a damaged blood vessel

Question 2

What are the 3 steps for hemostasis?

Answer 2

1. Vascular spasm
2. Plug formation
3. Coagulation

Question 3

What does vascular spasm mean?

Answer 3

Blood vessel tightens = less blood travels

Question 4

What is plug formation?

Answer 4

The process of forming a temporary plug to seal a damaged blood vessel and stop bleeding

Question 5

What does vasoconstriction mean?

Answer 5

The narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls

Question 6

What helps plug formation?

Answer 6

Platelets

Question 7

What do platelets do that help plugging?

Answer 7

Release chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky

Question 8

What does Von Willebrand factor do?

Answer 8

Helps platelets stick together to form clots and stop bleeding

Question 9

What does serotonin do?

Answer 9

Enhance vascular spasm

Question 10

What does ADP do?

Answer 10

Causes more platelets to stick together

Question 11

What does thromboxane A2 do?

Answer 11

Does both (increase vascular spasm and aggregation)

Question 12

What does prostaglandin do?

Answer 12

“Don’t come here” ???

Question 13

What is the purpose of a vascular spasm?

Answer 13

Buys time so the clot has time to seal

Question 14

Which is slower, intrinsic or extrinsic?

Answer 14

Intrinsic (mins)

Question 15

How many clotting factors are there?

Answer 15

13

Question 16

What is coagulation?

Answer 16

Creates a “mesh” that forms a clot

Question 17

What is this intrinsic pathway?

Answer 17

The factors needed for clotting are present in the blood

Question 18

What is extrinsic pathway?

Answer 18

The factors needed for clotting are present outside of the blood

Question 19

Both intrinsic and extrinsic lead to which factor?

Answer 19

X and thrombin

Question 20

Factor X produces what 2 factor names?

Answer 20

Thromin and eventually fibrin

Question 21

What is the inactive factor of fibrin called?

Answer 21

Fibrogen

Question 21

What do you have to do to activate a factor?

Answer 21

Cleave/break off part of the molecule

Question 22

What is the inactive factor of thrombin called?

Answer 22

Prothrombin

Question 23

The order of the factors are the order they were ___________

Answer 23

discovered

Question 23

What factor of X comes first?

Answer 23

Prothrombin (thrombin)

Question 24

A lot of factors are made in the:

Answer 24

liver

Question 25

What does fibrin do?

Answer 25

Form webs that trap everything (blood)

Question 26

What does factor XIII do?

Answer 26

Strengthens and tightens the web

Question 27

Clot retraction has ____ and _____ to contract the clot

Answer 27

actin and myosin

Question 28

As the platelets contract, it squeezes out:

Answer 28

serum

Question 29

What is PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)?

Answer 29

Released by platelets Helps rebuild the vessel wall (helps healing)

Question 30

What does fibrinolysis do?

Answer 30

Removes unneeded clots when healing has occured

Question 31

What does plasmin do?

Answer 31

Produces plasmin The bomb in the middle of the clot

Question 32

What does plasminogen do?

Answer 32

Produces plasmin (from inactive to activated)

Question 33

What does tissue plasminogen activator do?

Answer 33

Produces plasminogen

Question 34

_____ vessels inhibit clots

Answer 34

Large

Question 35

What does antithrombin III do?

Answer 35

Inactivates thrombin not bound to fibrin

Question 36

What does heparin do?

Answer 36

Increases the activity of antithrombin III

Question 37

What is thromboembolytic disorder?

Answer 37

Condition that causes undesirable clot formation

Question 38

What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Answer 38

Widespread clotting and severe bleeding

Question 38

What is thrombocytopenia?

Answer 38

Not enough platelets

Question 39

What is hemophilia?

Answer 39

Hereditary bleeding disorders

Question 39

Hemophilia A is missing factor:

Answer 39

VIII

Question 40

What are the 3 hemophiliacs?

Answer 40

A, B and C

Question 41

Hemophilia B is missing factor:

Answer 41

IX

Question 42

Hemophilia C is missing factor:

Answer 42

XI