Hepatitis Viridae

Question 1

3 possible causes of hepatitis

Answer 1

• infectious agents
• alcohol
• drugs

Question 2

stage of hepatitis that has two major groups

Answer 2

viral hepatitis

Question 3

forms of viral hepatitis

Answer 3

• acute
• fulminant acute
• subclinical
• chronic

Question 4

leads to coma because of the accumulation of ammonia which leads to liver failure

Answer 4

fulminant acute

Question 5

the form of viral hepatitis where there is no signs and symptoms

Answer 5

subclinical

Question 6

what are the possible complications of viral hepatitis

Answer 6

• cirrhosis
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• chronic hepatitis

Question 7

normal total bilirubin range

Answer 7

0.2 - 1.0 mg/dL

Question 8

at what bilirubin level does jaundice become clinically apparent

Answer 8

> 2 mg/dL

Question 9

clinical findings of viral hepatitis

Answer 9

• fever
• anorexia
• nausea
• vomiting
• jaundice
• dark urine
• pale feces
• elevated transaminase

Question 10

what family and genus does hepa a belong to

Answer 10

family: picornaviridae

Question 11

other names for HVA

Answer 11

• infectious hepatitis
• enterovirus 72
• short incubation hepatitis

Question 12

HVA morphology

Answer 12

• naked
• resistant to either acid, heat at 60c or 1 hour
• icosahedral, linear ssRNA
  -28 nm

Question 13

HVA mode of transmission

Answer 13

fecal oral route

Question 14

incubation period for HVA

Answer 14

15-45 days, average of 28 days

Question 15

treatment and prevention for HVA

Answer 15

treatment: supportive care
vaccine: inactivated vaccine (twinrix) 2 doses with 1 month interval, treatment of water

Question 16

HAV diagnosis

Answer 16

• HAV-Ag
• IgM anti HAV
• IgM anti HAV

Question 17

first marker to appear

Answer 17

HAV Ag

Question 18

IgM anti HAV is detected by

Answer 18

solid Ab ELISA

Question 19

IgG anti-HAV is immunity detected bu

Answer 19

competitive inhibition ELISA

Question 20

HBV belongs to the family and genus of?

Answer 20

family - hepadnaviridae
genus - orthohepadnavirus

Question 21

other names for hbv

Answer 21

• serum hepatitis
• dane particle
• long incubation hepatitis
• australian hepatitis

Question 22

hbv morphology

Answer 22

• enveloped, icosahedral, circular, dsDNA
• 42 nm

Question 23

hbv incubation period

Answer 23

40-180 days, average 60-90 days

Question 24

hbv treatment

Answer 24

• supportive care
• hb immunoglobulin
• interferon
• lamivudine
• liver transplant
• vaccine: inactivated vaccine: 3 doses

Question 25

first marker to appear during HBV

Answer 25

HBsAg

Question 26

next to appear, high infectivity

Answer 26

HbeAg

Question 27

no serological significance, for liver biopsy

Answer 27

HBcAg

Question 28

first antibody to appear

Answer 28

IgM anti HBc

Question 29

lifelong marker hbv infection

Answer 29

IgG anti

Question 30

last to appear for immunity

Answer 30

anti-HBS

Question 31

using PCR

Answer 31

HBV DNA

Question 32

window period

Answer 32

anti-HBc

Question 33

2 categories of chronic hepatitis

Answer 33

1. chronic persistent hepatitis - increased LFT 2. chronic active hepatitis - decreased LFT

Question 34

first gen serological test for viral hepatitis

Answer 34

ouchterlony agar plate

Question 35

second gen serological test for viral hepatitis

Answer 35

counter electrophoresis (countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis)

Question 36

third gen serological test for viral hepatitis

Answer 36

- RIA, ELISA, Reverse Passive Hemagglutination - Reverse Passive Latex Agglutination

Question 37

what family and genus does HCV belongs to?

Answer 37

family - flaviridae genus - hepacivirus

Question 38

other name for HCV

Answer 38

non-a, non-b hepatitis

Question 39

HCV morphology

Answer 39

- enveloped, icosahedral, linear, ssRNA - 45 nm

Question 40

HCV mode of transmission

Answer 40

parenteral, sexual intercourse

Question 41

HCV incubation period

Answer 41

30-50 days

Question 42

HCV treatment

Answer 42

- supportive care - interferon - ribuvirin - liver transplant

Question 43

vaccine for HCV

Answer 43

no vaccine available

Question 44

HCV diagnosis

Answer 44

anti-HCV HCV-RNA

Question 45

major cause of liver cirrhosis plus alcoholic hepatitis

Answer 45

HCV

Question 46

HDV family and genus

Answer 46

family - deltaviridiae genus - deltavirus

Question 47

other name for HDV

Answer 47

defective virus - no gene or incomplete virus

Question 48

HDV morphology

Answer 48

enveloped, circular, ssRNA\ 37 nm

Question 49

incubation period for HDV

Answer 49

15-150 days

Question 50

HEV family and genus

Answer 50

family - hepeviridiae (old: caliciviridae) genus - hepevirus (old: calicivirus)

Question 51

HEV morphology

Answer 51

- naked, icosahedral, linear, ss RNA - 30 nm

Question 52

HEV incubation period

Answer 52

2-9 weeks