Intro to MycoViro Flashcards by Princess Therese Timbal

Posses true nucleus
Nuclear membrane
Mitochondria

Eukaryotic

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what is fungi

eukaryotic

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2 forms of fungi

yeast, molds

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fungi has __ in cell wall

chitin

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fungi has ___ in the cell membrane

ergosterol

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fungi reproduce through

sexual or asexual reproduction

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Fungi lack ___ and are ___ which means they are able to get nutrients from their environment

Lack chlorophyll and are saprophytic

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fungi also lack ___

antibiotic susceptibility

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Most fungi are ___ that grow best at a ___ pH

Obligate aerobes, neutral PH

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2 types of fungi

Yeast
Molds

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fungal cell walls are made of ___, whereas those of plants contain cellulose.

chitin

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GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF YEASTS

•Colonial morphologic features
•Microscopic morphologic features
•Physiologic studies
•Rapid commercial yeast identification tests

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Single vegetative cells (unicellular)

Yeast

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Yeast characteristics on media

Moist, creamy, opaque or pasty colonies

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Yeast reproduce through

Budding

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Yeast daughter cell

Bastoconidium

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Formation of blastoconidia in yeast

Enlargement of cells › Parent cell undergoes
mitosis> Septum formation> Fission

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_ passed into daughter thru budding

nucleus

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GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE
IDENTIFICATION OF MOLDS

• Growth rate
• Colonial morphologic features
• Microscopic morphologic features

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Filamentous Fungi

Molds

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Fluffy, cottony wolly or powdery colonies

Molds

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Most molds have a fuzzy or woolly appearance because of the formation of ___

Mycelia

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Mycelia are made up of many long strands of tubelike structures called ___

Hyphae

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Hyphae can either be

arial or vegetative

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Types of hyphae by structure

Septate, Sparsely septate, Aseptate

Have frequent cross walls (like divisions in a tube).

Septate hyphae

Have fewer cross walls, spaced irregularly.

Sparsely septate hyphae

Have no cross walls, forming one continuous tube.

Aseptate hyphae

extend above the surface of the colony and are responsible for the fuzzy appearance. In addition, it support the reproductive structures that produce conidia.

Aerial mycelia

are used to identify different fungal genera.

Conidia

extend downward, are responsible for absorbing nutrients from the medium.

Vegetative mycelia

COLONIAL TOPOGRAPHY (Elevation)

•Verrucose •Umbonate •Rugose

Furrowed or convulated topography

Verrucose

Slightly raised in the center topography

Umbonate

Furrows radiate out from the center topography

Rugose

Growth rate of slow growers

11-21 days

Growth rate of intermediate growers

6-10 days

Rapid growers growth rate

5 days or less

• Nonpigmented or lightly pigmented • moniliaceous

Hyaline

• Darkly pigmented • Melanized (dematiaceous)

Phaeoid

Stains used for fungi

Gomori methylene Fontana-Masson

Gomori methylene stain

Black appearance

Fontana-Masson: Hyaline -- Phaeoid -

Hyaline -- pink to red Phaeoid - brown

Loose, high aerial mycelium texture

Cottony

Low aerial mycelium resembling a velvet cloth texture

Velvety

Dense, powdery, resembling sugar granules texture

Granular

Smooth surface with no aerial mycelium

Glabrous

High aerial mycelium that appears slightly matted down texture

Wooly

•Mold and yeast phase •Thermally dimorphic

Dimorphic Fungi

Temperature for mold

25C to 30C

Temperature for yeast

35C to 37C - yeast

Both yeast and mold forms in the same culture

Polymorphic Fungi

"Anamorph" Production of spores

Asexual

Endogenous spores: Made inside a sac-like structure called a sporangium

sporangiospore

Exogenous Production of spores

conidiophore

Asexual spores formed from the hyphae.

Conidia

A stalk-like structure that holds the conidia.

Conidiophore

Thread-like structure that makes up the fungal body.

Hypha

Specialized cells that produce conidia.

Conidiogenous cells

Contain the genetic material and help with spore production.

Fruiting structures

Types of conidia

Microconidia, Macroconidia

small, unicellular, round elliptical conidia

Microconidia

large,usually multiseptate, and club- or spindle- shaped conidia

Macroconidia

Asexual reproduction results in the formation of __ following mitosis.

conidia (singular, conidium)

Asexual reproduction is carried out by specialized fruiting structures known as

conidiogenous cells.

conidiogenous cells. form ___ which contain all the genetic material necessary to create a new fungal colony.

Conidia

Two common conidiogenous cells are the

phialides and annellides.

are vaselike structures that produce phialoconidia

Phialides

are ringed structures that produce annelloconidia. (spores)

annellides

another form of asexual reproduction, are formed by fragmentation of fertile hyphae. as opposed to being formed by conidiogenous cells

arthroconidia

Intro to MycoViro Flashcards

(70 cards)