Hereditary-6.1 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is hereditary?
The passing of traits from parent to offspring.
How are traits inherited?
Traits are passed down from parent to offspring through the DNA.
What is an allele?
An alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair) located at a specific part on a specific chromosome.
What is a dominant (recessive) genes shown as?
Capital (lowercase) letters.
What happens if a dominant allele is paired with a recessive allele?
The dominant allele cancels out the recessive one.
What are homozygous and heterozygous genes?
Homozygous genes are the same. Heterozygous genes have different alleles.
What is genetics?
The study of how traits are inherited.
What are purebred organisms?
Organisms that always produce the same type of organism. For example, if a tall plant keeps producing tall plants, they are purebred (TT or tt).
What seven traits did Mendel study in pea plants?
Shape of seeds, shape of pods, color of seeds, color of pods, color of flower, plant height, position of flower.
(2 shape, 3 color, a position, and height.)
What happened if a purebred crossed with a recessive parent?
Using a punnet square, one out of four offsprings would be recessive.
What is a genotype?
The inherited alleles (genetic makeup of an organism).
What is a phenotype?
What the alleles look like when inherited (physical characteristics).
What happens to alleles during meiosis?
When a chromosome splits, half the sex cells take one allele and the other half takes the other allele.
