Heredity Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is heredity?
Passing down of traits from one generation to the other
What is DNA?
The basic unit of heredity.
What are the 4 bases of DNA?
A, T, C, G.
What is the base pairing rule in DNA?
A = T and C = G.
What is mRNA?
A single strand of RNA where U = Uracil.
What is a codon?
A sequence of 3 bases.
Where is DNA stored?
In the nucleus of the cell.
What is a chromosome?
A structure that contains genes.
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs of chromosomes.
What is the total number of chromosomes in humans?
46 chromosomes altogether.
What is transcription?
The process of converting DNA to RNA.
What is the sequence of biological information flow?
DNA → RNA → Protein → Cells and tissue.
What does RNA represent in this context?
A copy of DNA.
What does a gene determine?
A trait.
What is translation?
The process where cells use information from messenger RNA (mRNA) to build proteins. This takes places in the cytoplasm.
What is the central Dogma?
The process or rule to make proteins.
Where does protein synthesis occur?
In the ribosomes.
