Hip and pelvis muscles

Question 1

What makes hip strong and stable

Answer 1

articular surface and highly congruent in all positions, strong ligaments around the joints, strong muscles

Question 2

accessory movement of hip- longitudinal caudad and distraction

Answer 2

longitudinal caudad (leg to tail- elongated leg), distraction- seperating the joint surfaces- lateral distraction trying to dislocate hip joint take head of femur out of the acetabulum in the line with neck of the femur)

Question 3

accessory movement of hip- Antero-posterior and postero- anterior

Answer 3

antero- posterior- gliding backwards, postero-anterior- gliding forwards

Question 4

muscles of hip flexors- iliacus psoas- origins and insertions

Answer 4

illio-psoas (conjoined muscle)- origins= conjoined muscles and tendon of psoas major (transverse process of thoracic vertebra 12-lumbar, vertebra 4) and iliacus (iliac fossa- transverse process)
insertion- lesser trochanter

Question 5

muscles of hip flexors- iliacus psoas- action and innervation

Answer 5

action-hip flexion/ trunk flexion at hip

innervation- femoral nerve L2-L3 (lumbar nerve routes 2-3)

Question 6

Muscles of hip flexors pectineus- origins and insertions

Answer 6

origins- superior pubic ramus, insertions- lesser trochanter to the linear aspera

Question 7

Muscles of hip flexors pectineus- action and femoral nerve

Answer 7

extends the knee and flexes the hip, femoral nerve- l2-l3,

Question 8

Muscles of hip flexors rectus femoris- origins and insertions

Answer 8

long head (straight)- AIIS, short head (reflected- ilium above acetabulum) , insertion- quadriceps tendon of the superior poll of patella

Question 9

Muscles of hip flexors rectus femoris- action and femoral

Answer 9

action-extends the knee and flexes the hip, femoral nerve- L2-L4

Question 10

Muscles of hip flexors sartorius- origins and insertions

Answer 10

origins- ASIS, insertions- antero-medial surface of the proximal tibia

Question 11

Muscles of hip flexors sartorius- action and femoral nerve

Answer 11

action- flexes, abducts, laterally rotates the thigh, medially rotates the flexed knee
femoral nerve- L2-L3

Question 12

Muscles of hip extensors gluteus maximus- origins and insertion

Answer 12

origins- all outer surfaces of posterior ilium and coccyx, insertions- iliotibial band, gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 13

Muscles of hip extensors gluteus maximus- action and nerve

Answer 13

extension of trunk and thigh, lateral rotation of the thigh, inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1-S2 (sacral routes)

Question 14

Muscles of hip extensors bicep femoris- origins and insertions

Answer 14

origins- long head- ischial tuberosity, short head- linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge,
insertion- head of fibula, lateral tibial condyle

Question 15

Muscles of hip extensors bicep femoris- action and nerve

Answer 15

action- flexes and laterally rotates the knee, long head extends the hip, sciatic nerve- L5,S1-S3

Question 16

Muscles of hip extensors semitendinosus- origins and insertions

Answer 16

origins- ischial tuberosity, insertions- medial surface of the proximal tibia

Question 17

Muscles of hip extensors semitendinosus- action and nerve

Answer 17

action- extends the hip, flexes and medially rotates the knee, sciatic nerve- L5, S1,S2

Question 18

Muscles of hip extensors- semimembranosus- origins and insertions

Answer 18

origins- ischial tuberosity, insertions- posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle

Question 19

Muscles of hip extensors- semimembranosus- action and nerve

Answer 19

action- extends the hip, flexes and medially rotates the knee, sciatic nerve, L5, S1,S2

Question 20

Muscles of hip abductors gluteus medius- origins and insertions

Answer 20

origins- outer surface of the ilium, insertions- lateral greater trochanter

Question 21

Muscles of hip abductor gluteus medius- action and nerve

Answer 21

action- abducts and medially rotates the pelvis (anterior fibres), superior gluteal nerve, L4-L5,S1

Question 22

Muscles of hip abductor gluteus minimus- origin and insertion

Answer 22

origin- outer-surface of the ilium, insertions- anterior surface of greater trochanter

Question 23

Muscles of hip abductor gluteus minimus- action and nerve

Answer 23

action- abducts and medially rotates the pelvis (anterior fibres), superior gluteal nerve- L4, L5, S1

Question 24

Muscles of hip abductors tensor fasica latea- orgin and insertion

Answer 24

origin- ASIS and lateral iliac crest, insertions- iliotibial band and gerdys tubercle lateral aspect proximal tibia

Question 25

Muscles of hip abductors tensor fasica latea- action and nerve

Answer 25

action- flexes and medially rotates the thigh, superior gluteal nerve, L4,L5,S1

Question 26

Piriformis- origins and insertions

Answer 26

origins- internal surface of sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium, insertions greater trochanter

Question 27

Piriformis- action and nerve supply

Answer 27

action- lateral rotation (deep lateral rotator) and abduction of the flexed hip, nerve supply sacral 1 and 2 (tension and spasm in piriformis effect sciatic nerve)

Question 28

Muscles of hip adductors adductor Magnus- origin and insertion

Answer 28

origin- inferior pubic remus and ischial tuberosity, insertions- linea aspera, adductor tubercle

Question 29

Muscles of hip adductors adductor Magnus- action and nerve (superior and inferior aspects)

Answer 29

action- superior part (inferior pubic remi aspect) adducts, MR,flex of thigh, inferior part (from interior ischial tuberosity) adducts, laterally rotates and extends nerve- obturator nerve l3, l4 (supeior), sciatic nerve l4 (inf)

Question 30

Muscles of hip adductors adductor longus- origins and insertions

Answer 30

origins- body of pubis- more anteriorly, insertions- middle 2/3 of linea aspera

Question 31

Muscles of hip adductors adductor longus- action and nerve

Answer 31

action- adducts and medially rotates the thigh | obturator nerve L3,L4

Question 32

Muscles of hip adductors adductor brevis- origin and insertion

Answer 32

action- inferior pubic remi, insertion- lesser trochanter to proximal linea aspera

Question 33

Muscles of hip adductors adductor brevis- action and nerve

Answer 33

action- adducts and medially rotates the thigh, obturator nerve L3 and L4

Question 34

Muscles of hip adductors gracilis- origins and insertion

Answer 34

origins- inferior ramus of pubis | insertion- upper aspect of medial shaft of tibia

Question 35

Muscles of hip adductors gracilis- action and nerve

Answer 35

action- MR, adducts the hip, flexes the knee and MR | obturator nerve L3 and L4

Question 36

Deep lateral hip rotators

Answer 36

piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus inferior, gemellus superior, gemellus femoris

Question 37

Muscles involved with hip flexion

Answer 37

Psoas major, sartorius, iliacus, pectineus, rectus femoris, gracils

Question 38

what is hip flexion limited by

Answer 38

soft tissue/ hamstring tension

Question 39

muscles involved with hip extension

Answer 39

gluteus maximus, adductor magnus, biciep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Question 40

what is hip extension limited by

Answer 40

limited by all ligaments becoming tight and close pack position

Question 41

muscles involved with hip abduction

Answer 41

gluteus medius and minimus, sartorius, piriformis

Question 42

what is hip abduction limited by

Answer 42

pubofemoral/ iliofemoral med band

Question 43

muscles involved with hip adductors

Answer 43

adductor longus, brevis, magnus, pectineus, gracils

Question 44

what is hip adduction limited by

Answer 44

ischiofem lateral band/ teres

Question 45

muscles involved with medial rotation

Answer 45

gluteus med and min, tensor fascia latae, adductor magnus

Question 46

medial rotation limited by

Answer 46

ischiofem lig/ tightness of post capsule

Question 47

muscles involved with lateral rotation

Answer 47

gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator internus and externus, gemellus superior and inferior, quadratus femoris, sartorius

Question 48

what is lateral rotation limited by

Answer 48

illiofem lateral band