Muscles of the forearm- anterior and posterior compartment

Question 1

Anterior compartment muscles- superficial group (5)

Answer 1

pronator teres, flexor capri radialis, palmares longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor capri ulnaris

Question 2

anterior compartment muscles- deep group

Answer 2

flexor digitorum profundas, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

Question 3

movements of radio ulnar joint

Answer 3

pronation- pronator teres and quadratus, brachioradialis

supination- supinator, bicep brachii, brachioradialis

Question 4

movements of wrist- radoiocarpal and midcarpal joint- flexion and extension

Answer 4

flexion- flexor capri radialis, FCU

extension- ECRL, EXRB, and ECU

Question 5

movements of wrist- radoiocarpal and midcarpal joint- radial deviation and ulna deviation

Answer 5

radial deviation- FCR, ECRDL, ECRB

ulna deviation- FCU, ECU

Question 6

Superficial flexors- lateral to medial

Answer 6

pronator teres, FCR, palmaris longus, FDS, FCU

Question 7

Flexor capri radialis- origin and insertion

Answer 7

origin- medial epicondyle of humerus (CFT) to palmer surface of base of MC 2 and 3

Question 8

Flexor capri radialis- nerve supply and action

Answer 8

median nerve C7, 8

Action- flexion and abduction

Question 9

palmaris longus- origin and insertion

Answer 9

Medial epicondyle of humerus, to flexor retianculum and plantar aponeurosis

Question 10

palmaris longus- nerve supply and action

Answer 10

median nerve C7, 8 and weak wrist flexion and tighten palmer fascia

Question 11

flexor capri ulnaris- origin and insertion

Answer 11

origin- medial epicondyle of humerus, insertion pisiform and hook of hamate and base of MC 5

Question 12

flexor capri ulnaris- nerve supply and action

Answer 12

ulna nerve C7,8

flexion and adduction at wrist joint, synergist action in abduction of digit 5

Question 13

movement of the digits

Answer 13

flexion of fingers- FDS and FDP

flexion at thumb- flexor pollicis longus

Question 14

flexor digitorum superficialis- origin and insertions

Answer 14

origin- medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna, and proximal anterior border of radius
insertion- attach by 4 tendons to either side palmer surface of muscle phalanx of each finger

Question 15

flexor digitorum superficialis- nerve supply and action

Answer 15

median nerve C7,8

flexion at wrist, MTP, PIP

Question 16

deep flexor- from lateral to medial (3)

Answer 16

flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus

Question 17

flexor digitorum profundas- origin and insertion

Answer 17

origin- medial side of coronoid process, anterior and medial surface of ulna and IM
insertion- attach by 4 tendons- base of palmer surface pf distal phalanx of each finger

Question 18

flexor digitorum profundas- NS and action

Answer 18

NS- anterior interosseous nerve C7,8, T1-2 (radial digits) and ulna nerve C8, T1 (ulna digits)
flexion at DIP, PIP, MCP and wrist joint

Question 19

flexor pollicis longus origin and insertion

Answer 19

origin- anterior surface of radius and IM, insertion- palmer surface of distal phalanx of thumb

Question 20

flexor pollicis longus- NS and action

Answer 20

anterior interosseous nerve C8, T1

action- flexion at CMC, MCP and IP joint of thumb

Question 21

what is the carpal tunnel (and 4 anchor points)

Answer 21

a tough band of fibrous CT- 4 anchor points- high points of proximal (scaphoid and pisiform) and distal carpal bones (tubercle of trapezium and hook of hamate

Question 22

floor of carpal tunnel

Answer 22

square of tough fibrous tissue which gives roof to carpal tunnel

Question 23

contents of carpal tunnel

Answer 23

9 tendons- 4 of FDS, 4 of FDP, FPL, median nerve

Question 24

posterior compartment superficial group (6)

Answer 24

brachioradialis, ECRL, ECRB, ED, EDM, ECU

Question 25

posterior compartment deep group (5)

Answer 25

supinator, abductor pollicis longus, EPL, EPB, Extensor indices

Question 26

superficial group posterior compartment- lateral to medial

Answer 26

brachioradialis, ECRL, ECRB, ED, EDM, ECU

Question 27

ECRL- Origin and insertion

Answer 27

from- lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | insertion- posterior surface base of MC 2

Question 28

ECRL- NS and action

Answer 28

NS- median nerve C7,8 | Action- extension and abduction

Question 29

ECRB- origin and insertion

Answer 29

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerus | insertion- posterior surface base of MC 3

Question 30

ECRB- NS and action

Answer 30

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C6,7 | Action- extension and abduction

Question 31

Extensor capri ulnaris- origin and insertion

Answer 31

lateral epicondyle of humerus- by shared aponeurosis from posterior border of ulna to- medial side of base of MC 5

Question 32

Extensor capri ulnaris- NS and action

Answer 32

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C7,8 | action- extension and adduction of hand at wrist

Question 33

extension of digits

Answer 33

extension of fingers- ED, EDM, EI Extension of thumb- EPL/B Abduction- APL

Question 34

extensor digitorum- origin and insertion

Answer 34

origin- lateral epicondyle of humerus | insertion- attach by 4 tendons- base of middle and distal phalanges of each finger (DDE)

Question 35

extensor digitorum- NS and action

Answer 35

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C7,8 | Action- extension of MCP and IP joint

Question 36

dorsal digital expansion

Answer 36

tendon of ED divides into 2 lateral slips which terminate in base of distal phalanx, central slip through tunnel to middle phalanx

Question 37

extensor digiti minimi- origin and insertion

Answer 37

origin- lateral epicondyle of humerus, insertion- dorsal digital expansion of digit 5

Question 38

extensor digit minimi- NS and action

Answer 38

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C7,8 | action- extension at MCP joint of little finger and extension of IP joints

Question 39

deep extensors- posterior compartment- lateral to medial

Answer 39

supinator, APL, EPL, EPB, EI

Question 40

extensor indices- origin and insertions

Answer 40

origin- posterior surface of the distal ulna and interosseous membrane insertion- DDE of index finger

Question 41

extensor indices- NS and action

Answer 41

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C6,7 | action- extension of IP and MCP joints of index finger

Question 42

Extensor pollicis longus- Origin and insertion

Answer 42

posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane to dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb

Question 43

Extensor pollicis longus- NS and actions

Answer 43

posterior interosseous nerve C6,7 | Action- extension at IP joint, assist extension at MCP, CMC and wrist joint

Question 44

extensor pollicis brevis- origin and insertions

Answer 44

origin- posterior aspect of ulna and IM | to- dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 45

extensor pollicis brevis- NS and action

Answer 45

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C7,8 | Action- extension of MCP and CMC joints of thumb

Question 46

abductor pollicis longus- origin and insertion

Answer 46

origin- posterior surface of upper ulna and middle radius and IM to radial side of base of MC 1

Question 47

abductor pollicis longus- NS and action

Answer 47

NS- posterior interosseous nerve C7,8 | Action- assist extension and abduction at 1st CMC joint, assist abduction at wrist

Question 48

flexion at wrist

Answer 48

FCU, FCR, FDS, PL, FDP, FPL

Question 49

Extension at wrist

Answer 49

ECRL, ECRB, ECU, extensor digitorum, EDM, EPL, EI, EPB

Question 50

radial deviation

Answer 50

FCR, ECRL, ECRB, APL, EPB

Question 51

Ulna deviation

Answer 51

FCU, ECU

Question 52

Ulna nerve- 2

Answer 52

FCU, medial half of flexor digitorum profundas

Question 53

median nerve- 4

Answer 53

Pronator teres, FCR, PL, FDS

Question 54

anterior intreosseous nerve

Answer 54

lateral half of flexor digitorum profundas

Question 55

radial nerve- 2

Answer 55

brachioradialis, ECRL

Question 56

posterior interosseous nerve

Answer 56

ECRB, ECU, ED, EDM, EI, EPL, EPB, APL