Hip and Thigh

Question 0

Landmark for measurement of true leg length

Answer 0

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to medial malleolus

Question 1

Landmarks for apparent leg length

Answer 1

Navel/umbilicus to medial malleolus

Question 2

Good source of bone graft because it is a cancellous (spongy bone)

Answer 2

Iliac crest

Question 3

Level of iliac crest

Answer 3

S4 spinous process

Question 4

Location of inguinal ring

Answer 4

Pubic tubercle

Question 5

Area over the dimple of buttocks; at the spinous process of S2

Answer 5

Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)

Question 6

Cause of varicose veins

Answer 6

Incompetent venous valves

Question 7

Congenital syndrome where in lymphatic fluid cannot pass due to constriction

Answer 7

Amniotic Band Syndrome

Question 8

Superficial Veins

Answer 8

Greater saphenous vein
Inguinal tributaries (superficial circumflex, superficial epigastric, superficial external pudendal)
Lesser saphenous vein

Question 9

Responsible for cremasteric reflex in males

Answer 9

Genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2)

Question 10

Innervation of lateral aspect of the thigh

Answer 10

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2, L3; if belt is too tight, numbness of thigh will be felt)

Question 11

Innervation of the anterior aspect of thigh

Answer 11

Anterior femoral cutaneous nerve (L2-L4)

Question 12

Innervation of the medial side of thigh

Answer 12

Cutaneous branch of the obturator nerve (L2-L4; goes through obturator foremen)

Question 13

Nerve that may get stretched after horseback riding

Answer 13

Cutaneous branch of the obturator nerve

which is responsible for the innervation of the medial side of thigh!

Question 14

May develop neuromas after ischial bone graft

Answer 14

Cluneal nerve

Question 15

Innervation of the gluteal area

Answer 15

Superior (L1-L3) medial (S1-S3) and inferior cluneal nerve (S2, S3)

Question 16

Innervates most of the posterior aspect of the thigh, knee and leg

Answer 16

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S1-S3), which branches from the sacral plexus

Question 17

Innervates, provides sensation to lateral part of leg

Answer 17

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

(branch of the common peroneal nerve)

Question 18

Innervation, provides sensation of the posterolateral aspect of leg

Answer 18

Medial sural cutaneous nerve

branch of the tibial nerve

Question 19

The acetabulum is formed by the fusion of which three bony parts

Answer 19

Ilium, ischium and pubis

Question 20

“line of hope” of the femur

Answer 20

Linea aspira

Question 21

Average value of normal anteversion

Answer 21

125 degrees

Question 22

Coxa vara

Answer 22

Less than 125 degrees

Toes pointing outward

Question 23

Coxa valga

Answer 23

Greater than 125 degrees

Toes pointing inward, femoral torsion

Question 24

Also known as Y ligament or Ligament of Bigelow

Answer 24

Iliofemoral ligament

Question 25

Ligaments of the femur

Answer 25

Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral

Question 26

Hip flexors

Answer 26

Iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus) Sartorius Tensor fascia latae Rectus femoris

Question 27

Knee extensors

Answer 27

``` Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius) ```

Question 28

Boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 28

Inguinal ligament Sartorius Adductor longus Floor: iliopsoas

Question 29

Contents of femoral triangle

Answer 29

Femoral vessels, femoral sheath, femoral nerve

Question 30

Contents of femoral sheath

Answer 30

1. Deep inguinal lymph nodes 2. Femoral vein 3. Femoral artery

Question 31

Continuation of femoral triangle

Answer 31

Adductor canal

Question 32

Adductor canal contents

Answer 32

Femoral vein, femoral artery, femoral nerve (will continue to become the saphenous nerve)

Question 33

Main blood supply of the femoral head

Answer 33

Medial femoral circumflex artery

Question 34

Iliopsoas components

Answer 34

Psoas major and iliacus

Question 35

[ACTION] Iliopsoas

Answer 35

Hip flexor, externally rotates

Question 36

[ACTION] Sartorius

Answer 36

Thigh flexor, abductor and lateral rotator Leg flexor at the knee Balancing the pelvis

Question 37

[ACTION] tensor fascia latae

Answer 37

Thigh flexor, abductor, medially rotates | Stabilizer of knee

Question 38

[ACTION] rectus femoris

Answer 38

Crosses the hip and knee joint | Helps Iliopsoas flex the thigh at hip

Question 39

[INNERVATION] femoral nerve

Answer 39

Sartorius, rectus femoris, quadriceps femoris

Question 40

[INNERVATION] tensor fascia latae

Answer 40

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 41

Medial hip and thigh components

Answer 41

(AAA POGi) | Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor Magnus, pectineus, obturator externus, gracilis

Question 42

[ACTION] adductor longus

Answer 42

Adducts thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh

Question 43

[ACTION] pectineus

Answer 43

Adducts and flexes thigh; assists with medial rotation of thigh

Question 44

[ACTION] adductor brevis

Answer 44

Adducts and flexes thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh

Question 45

[ACTION] gracilis

Answer 45

Adducts and flexes thigh, medial rotator when knee is flexed

Question 46

[ACTION] Adductor Magnus

Answer 46

Powerful adductor! Superior part: weak flexor, medial rotator Interior part: extensor, lateral rotator

Question 47

[ACTION] obturator externus

Answer 47

Laterally rotates the hip, steadies the head of the femur

Question 48

Lateral hip and thigh components

Answer 48

Tensor fascia latae and iliotibial tract

Question 49

[INNERVATION] pectineus

Answer 49

Femoral nerve and branch of obturator nerve

Question 50

[INNERVATION] obturator nerve

Answer 50

All medial hip and thigh muscles

Question 51

Components and innervation of hamstring

Answer 51

Posterior thigh muscles: semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris sciatic nerve innervation

Question 52

[ACTION] gluteus Maximus, medius and minimus

Answer 52

Gluteus maximus : hip extensor Gluteus medius : hip adductor Gluteus minimus : hip abductor

Question 53

Landmark structure of the gluteal area

Answer 53

Piriformis

Question 54

Borders of the piriformis

Answer 54

Inferior: inferior gluteal nerve, sciatic nerve Superior: superior gluteal vessels

Question 55

The femoral artery enters the popliteal area via a gap in the ___.

Answer 55

Adductor longus

Question 56

Arterial pulse can be felt in the ___.

Answer 56

Inguinal area

Question 57

Components of the posterior thigh/hamstrings | Also the knee flexors

Answer 57

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris (long head) (Bi-Te-Me!)

Question 58

Most superficial and weakest of the medial muscles

Answer 58

gracilis

Question 59

Innervation of the hamstrings

Answer 59

sciatic nerve