Hip Joint

Question 1

Articulating surfaces of the hip joint?

Answer 1

Head of femur

Acetabulum

Question 2

What lines the acetabulum and head of femur?

Answer 2

Articular cartilage

Question 3

What is this intracapsular ligament of the hip?

Where does it run from and to?

Answer 3

Ligament of the head of femur

Runs from the ace tabular fossa to the fovea of the femur.

Question 4

The branch of which artery is found in the ligament of the head of femur?

Answer 4

Obturator artery

Question 5

What are the three extracapsular ligament of the hip?

Answer 5

Ileofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

Question 6

Where does the ileofemoral ligament run from and to?

Function?

Answer 6

Ilium, just inferior to the anterior inferior iliac spine

Attaches to the intertrochanteric line in two places, forming a Y

Prevents hyperextension of the hip joint

Question 7

Attachments of the pubofemoral ligament?

Function?

Answer 7

Ileopubic eminence and obturator membrane
Blends with articular capsule

Prevents excessive abduction and extension.

Question 8

Attachments of the ischiofemoral ligament?

Functions?

Answer 8

Ischium to greater trochanter

Prevents excessive extension

Question 9

Innervation of the hip joint?

Answer 9

Obturator nerve
Femoral nerve
Superior gluteal
Nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 10

What makes the ligaments better at securing the femur in the hip joint?

Answer 10

Have a spiral orientation
When femur is extended, causes ligaments to become tighter.
Also means less energy is required for standing.

Question 11

What increases the depth of the acetabulum?

Answer 11

Acetabular labrum

- fibrocartilaginous collar around the acetabulum

Question 12

Which muscles carry out flexion of the hip joint?

Answer 12

Iliopsoas
Rectus femoris
Sartorius

Question 13

Which muscles extend the hip?

Answer 13

Gluteus maximus
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris

Question 14

Which muscles carry out abduction of the hip joint?

Answer 14

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Deep gluteus
-piriformis, gemelli

Question 15

Which muscles carry out adduction of the thigh?

Answer 15

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Pectineus
Gracilis

Question 16

Which muscles carry out lateral rotation of the thigh?

Answer 16

Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Deep gluteals
-piriformis, gemelli etc.

Question 17

Which muscles carry out medial rotation of the thigh?

Answer 17

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

Question 18

Common symptoms of congential dislocation of the hip joint?

Answer 18

Difficulty abducting
Affected limb is shorter
Positive Trendelenburg sign

Question 19

What are people with a congential dislocation of the hip joint predisposed to?

Answer 19

Arthritis in later life

Question 20

What are the types of dislocation of the hip joint and which is most common?

Answer 20

Posterior - most common

Anterior

Question 21

How does the affected limb appear in a posterior dislocation of the hip?

Answer 21

Shorter

Medially rotated

Question 22

What can be damaged in a posterior dislocation of the hip?

Answer 22

The sciatic nerve

Paralysis of the hamstrings and muscles distal to the knee

Question 23

What are anterior dislocations a consequence of?

Answer 23

Extension, lateral rotation and abduction of the lower limb

Question 24

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 24

Ball and socket synovial