Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Histology Sem 3 > Histo Pulm > Flashcards

Histo Pulm Flashcards

(85 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Where is air filtered when entering the body?

A

Nasal Cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Parts of the air condution system

A

Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Responsible for the sense of smell

A

Olfactory mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 regions of nasal cavities

A

Vestibule, respiratory segment, Olfactory segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cell type of vestibule

A

Stratified squamous epithelium (continuous with the skin of the face)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Traps dust particle in the nasal cavity

A

Vibrissae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Function of the respiratory segment

A

Warm, moisten, filter inspired air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 layers of the repiratory segment

A

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium and lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

5 cell types of ciliated seudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Ciliated cells, goblet cells, basal cells, brush cells, small granule cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Appearance of cilited cells

A

Tall columnar cells with motile cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cells that synthesize and secrete mucus

A

Goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Forms the muscociliary apparatus

A

Goblet + Ciliated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Replacement cells that can differentiate into other respiratory epithelial cells

A

Basal cells (usually do not reach the surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Secretory cells that contain membrane-bound, dense-core granules at the base of the cell

A

Small granule cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What respiratory cells are homologous to enteroendocrine cells?

A

Small granule cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contains extensive venous plexus near the inferior and medial nasal conchae to help warm up inspired air

A

Lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

smooth portion of the respiratory system

A

Medial wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Contains the turbinates of the respiratory segment

A

Lateral wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Purpose of turbinates?

A

Increases surface area for warming and moistening of the incoming air. Also causes air turbulence for more efficient conditioning of the incoming air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is the olfactory epithelium specialized?

A

Contains neurons and lacks goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Identifiers of olfactory cells

A

Nuclei are mostly within the middle of the epithelial layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bipolar neuron that spans the entire thickeness of the epithelium

A

Olfactory cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Knob-like structure that the olfactory cell pole projects from

A

Olfactory vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the apical surface of the olfactory dendrite covered in?

A

Immotile Cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What do the cilia of the olfactory cells contain?
Olfactory receptors
26
What forms the olfactory nerve?
Axons of the olfactory cells
27
Most numerous of the cell types in the olfactory epithelium?
Supporting or sustentacular cells
28
Appearance of sustenacular cells
Tall columnar cells with apical nuclei, apical surface covered in microvilli
29
Provides mechanical and metabolical support for the olfactory cells
Sustentacular cells
30
Progenitor cells that can differentiate into other types
Basal Cells
31
One of the very few neurons in the body that are replaced in postnatal development
Olfactory neurons
32
Contents of the lamina propria
Bowman's glands (olfactory glands), unmyelinated axons, venous sinuses
33
Branched tubuloalveolar serous-secreting glands of the olfactory lamina propria
Bowman's glands
34
Secretion of olfactory glands
Watery secretion
35
Lines the nasopharynx
Respiratory epithelium (ciliated pseudostratified columnar)
36
Layers of the trachea
Mucosa, submucosa, tracheal cartilage, trachealis muscle, adventitia
37
2 tissue types in tracheal mucosa
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium) and lamina propria
38
What does the respiratory epithelium rest on?
Thick basement membrane with a well-developed reticular lamina, composed primarily of collagen
39
What part of the mucosa is well-developed in the trachea?
Elastic lamina propria
40
What is the tracheal submucosa composed of?
Loose connective tissue and seromucous glands
41
Separates the submucosa from the adventitia
Tracheal cartilages
42
Connects the free ends of each C-shaped cartilage
Trachealis muscle (smooth muscle fiber), not continuous muscle, and only on the posterior of the trachea
43
Most external layer of the trachea, binds the trachea to adjacent structures
Adventitia
44
Characteristics of bronchi
Cartilagenous plates and contiuous layer of smooth muscle
45
Parts of the walls of bronchi
Mucosa, muscularis, submucosa, discontinuous cartilagenous plates, adventitia
46
Cells that form the bronchi mucosa
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells over lamina propria, identical to trachea
47
Structure in bronchi lamina propria that can be used to differentiate bronchi from trachea
Bronchi-associated lymphatic tissue
48
Smooth muscle of the bronchi
Muscularis
49
What makes up the submucosa of the bronchi?
Loose connective tissue with glands and adipose tissue
50
Hyaline cartilage covered with perichondruim forms this as it decends all the way to the minor bronchi
Discontiuous cartilagenous plates
51
When does the bronchi turn into a bronchiole?
When the discontinuous cartilagenous plates disappear
52
Moderately dense connective tissue that is adjacent with that of the pulmonary artery and lung parenchyma
Adventitia
53
What is lacking in the walls of bronchioles?
Cartilage and glands
54
Largest to smallest lung tubes
Bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli
55
General cell type in the terminal bronchioles
simple cuboidal epithelium
56
2 types of cells in terminal bronchioles
Cuboidal cells with cilia, club cells
57
Cells in terminal bronchioles that assist in the transport of airway seretions up the bronchioles
Ciliated cuboidal cells
58
Specialized secretory cells in the terminal bronchioles
Club cells
59
Distinctive features of club cells
Well-developed RER/SER/Golgi apparatus, numerous secretory vesicles in the apical portion
60
Amount of smooth muscle in the terminal bronachiole
Significant amount
61
First brochioles to perform gas exchange
Respiratory bronchioles
62
Ratio of club cells to ciliated cuboidal cells in respiratory bronchioles
Large number of club cells
63
Amount of smooth muscle in respiratory bronchioles
little
64
At the end of the respiratory bronchiole
Alveolar duct
65
Spaces surrounded by clusters of alveoli
Alveolar sacs
66
Major site of gas exchange
Alveoli
67
Separates each alveoli
Alveolar septa
68
Make up the interstitium of the alveoli
Capillaries and connective tissue
69
Characteristics of the alveolar capillaries
Riches capillary network in the body, are continuous capillaries, lined with very thin endothelium.
70
2 main cell types in alveoli
Type I and Type II pneumocytes
71
Alveolar cell that is flattened, squamous, forms 95% of surface cells, joined to one another via occluding junctions, basal lamina are fused with endothelial cells of the tight capillaries
Type 1 pneumocyte
72
Makes up the air-blood barrier
Type I pneumocytes, endothelial cells, and fused basial laminae
73
Alveolar cell that is round, large, secretory, capable of mitosis
Type II pneumocyte
74
What granules do type II pneumocytes contain?
Multilamellar bodies, that contain surfactant
75
What is the purpose of surfactant?
Creates a film to reuce the surface tension inside alveoi, thus preventing their collapse
76
Which alveolar cell acts as a progenitor for the other?
Type II acts as a progenitor for type one
77
When the level of surfactant in infants is not enough to prevent collapsing of the alveoli
Respiratory distress syndrome
78
Connects neighboring alveoli
Alveolar pores
79
Purpose of alveolar pores
Equalize air pressure and provide collateral air circulation if a bronchiole is obstructed
80
Cells that ar epresent in spetal walls and alveolar spaces, collect particles like dust and pollen,
Alveolar macrophages
81
MOA of TB
Alveolar macrophages cannot digest the mycobacterium tuberculosis, so it accumulates in the cell, causing damage to the cell, which releases the stored bacteria, furthering the infection
82
Leading cause of mortality worldwide
Lung cancer
83
2 most common types of malignant tumors found in the lung
Non-small cell carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma
84
Most common cause of lung cancer
Non-small cell carcinoma
85
Most aggressive and highly malignant lung cancer that is almost always found in smokers
Small-cell carcinoma

Histology Sem 3 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions