Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO110 > Histology List > Flashcards

Histology List Flashcards

Lab 7 tissues stuff

1
Q

4 human tissue types

A
  • connective
  • muscle
  • epithelial
  • nervous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

basement membrane

A

anchor cells; membrane cells are attached to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

major function of nervous tissue ?

A

communication between cells by neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

major function of muscle tissue ?

A

contraction to produce movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

major function of epithelial tissue ?

A

provide protection, absorption / secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

major function of connective tissue ?

A

wide array of function
- support / structure / protection
- transportation / storage
- insulation
- etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what cell slides will only show that specific cell instead of multiple kinds of cells ? (3)

A
  • cardiac muscle
  • smooth muscle
  • adipose connective tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 general types of epithelial tissue shapes ?

A
  • squamous (flat)
  • cuboidal (dice)
  • columnar (brick)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where is epithelial tissue generally found ?

A

covering body surfaces, lining internal organs / body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

simple tissue means ?

A

single layer of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

stratified tissue means ?

A

2 or more layers of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

psuedostratified tissue means ?

A

cells look stratified but are actually all attached to basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

simple squamous epithelium

A

single layer of flattened cells
- obvious nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

function / location of simple squamous epithelium ?

A

easily diffuse / filtrate materials across cells quickly;
- lining of lungs, kidneys, blood vessels
- general lining of body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium

A

single layer of cube shaped cells
- large ROUND nucleus
- lots of cytoplasm
(can appear columnar, pay attention to nucleus shape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

function / location of simple cuboidal epithelium ?

A

secretion / absorption of substances
- kidney tubules
- ducts and glands (thyroid, salivary, etc.)
- ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

simple columnar epithelium

A

single layer of rectangular cells
- large OVAL nucleus
- lots of cytoplasm
- some have cilia / goblet cells (secretion cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

function / location of simple columnar epithelium ?

A

secretion / absorption (mucus, etc.)
- non-ciliated; digestive tract, gallbladder
- ciliated; bronchi, female reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

stratified squamous epithelium

A

thick basement membrane of cuboidal / columnar that became squamous at TOP layer
- keratinized; layer of keratin, dry lining
- non-keratinized; no layer of keratin, moist linings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

function / location of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium ?

A

protect underlying tissue from abrasion
- epidermis of surfaces experiencing frequent friction ( palms of hands, soles of feet, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

function / location of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium ?

A

protect underlying tissue from abrasion
- esophagus
- mouth / tongue
- vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium

A

single layer of columnar cells that vary in height w/ cilia ; mimic stratification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

function / location of ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium ?

A

secretion of mucus in respiratory system, etc.
- trachea / upper respiratory tract
- male reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

effects of smoking on cilia ?

A

chemicals in cigarettes destroy cilia int he upper respiratory tract
- leads to “smokers cough”
- unable to push out mucus / debris automatically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

7 types of connective tissue ?

A

cells scattered throughout protein matrix
- loose areolar
- dense regular
- dense irregular
- loose adipose
- hyaline cartilage
- compact bone
- blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

loose areolar connective tissue

A

matrix is loose weave of fiber in watery fluid; binds tissues together, stretchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

3 types of loose areolar connective tissue ?

A
  • fibroblasts (make gel-like matrix for tissues)
  • collagen fibers (strong, rope-ish protein)
  • elastic fibers (stretchy / strong)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

functions / locations of loose areolar connective tissue ?

A

wraps / cushions organs, holds underlying tissue / organs in place
- under skin
- surfaces that line internal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

elastic fiber characteristics (loose areolar connective tissue) ?

A

thin hair-like fibers usually stained darker
- provide elasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

collagen fiber characteristics (loose areolar connective tissue) ?

A

thicker usually lighter stain
- provide strength

31
Q

fibroblasts (loose areolar connective tissue) ?

A

cell w/ visual nucleus
- makes / secretes protein fibers of ECM

32
Q

dense regular connective tissue

A

usually tightly packed parallel collagen fibers; fibroblast nucleus usually flattened

33
Q

functions / locations of dense regular tissue

A

form tendons / ligaments
- literally just tendons / ligaments

34
Q

tendon

A

dense regular tissue; attaches muscles to bone

35
Q

ligament

A

dense regular tissue; attaches bone to bone (joints)

36
Q

dense irregular connective tissue

A

irregular / random arrangement of collagen fibers

37
Q

functions / location of dense irregular connective tissue ?

A

structural strength
- joints
- subcutaneous (dermis) layer (under epidermis)
- around muscle

38
Q

loose adipose connective tissue

A

fat cells; closely packed adipose cells in a matrix
- nuclei are pushed to edges of cell by large fat droplets

39
Q

function / location of loose adipose connective tissue ?

A

cushion / insulate body (decrease heat loss); energy storage
- under skin
- around breasts
- around organs

40
Q

hyaline cartilage connective tissue

A

collagen fibers embedded in rubbery material
- produced in chondrocytes
- chondrocytes in lacunae

41
Q

function / support of hyaline cartilage connective tissue ?

A

support / cushion; forms shock absorbing surface
- ears / nose
- embryonic skeletons
- ends of some bones
- between vertebrae

42
Q

compact bone connective tissue

A

hard matrix containing collagen fibers;
- consists of closely packed osteons
- osteons contain central canal
- produced by osteocytes
- osteocytes located in lacunae
- canalicula connect lacunae

43
Q

function / location of compact bone connective tissue ?

A

support / protect, site for muscles to push / pull, store calcium, blood production site
- bones

44
Q

osteon

A

basic circular unit of bone tissues

45
Q

central canal

A

darker center circle of osteons
- where blood / nerves pass through

46
Q

lacunae

A

darker ovul-ish area going in circles around central canal
- where osteocytes are trapped

47
Q

canaliculi

A

thin canals going in circles around central canal
- connects multiple lacunae together

48
Q

blood connective tissue

A

RBC, WBC, platelets all in a fluid matrix

49
Q

function / location of blood connective tissue ?

A

transport of nutrients, respiratory gas, waste
- within blood vessels

50
Q

RBC

A

red blood cells
- gray / pinkish spheres
- most abundant
- same general shape

51
Q

WBC

A

white blood cells
- very few in number
- dark bright purple staining

52
Q

platelets

A

not actually cells, bits of plasma membrane that aid in clotting
- extremely small particles

53
Q

muscle tissue

A

long cells of muscle fibers containing contractile proteins

54
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A
  • skeletal
  • cardiac
  • smooth
55
Q

which muscle tissue(s) have voluntary movement ?

A

only skeletal

56
Q

which muscle tissue(s) have involuntary movement ?

A

cardiac and smooth

57
Q

which muscle tissue(s) are striated ?

A

skeletal and smooth

58
Q

which muscle tissue(s) are non-striated ?

A

only smooth

59
Q

skeletal muscle tissue

A

long cylindrical shaped multinucleated cells
- held in sheath called sarcolemma
- STRIATED

60
Q

function / location of skeletal muscle tissue ?

A

voluntary movement / locomotion
- attached to bones

61
Q

smooth muscle tissue

A

spindle shaped cells w/ central nuclei
- NON-STRIATED
- arranged in sheets

62
Q

function / location of smooth muscle tissue ?

A

involuntary movement of food / substances / contractions
- walls of digestive tracts (intestines, esophagus, etc.)
- arteries
- other hollow organs

63
Q

cardiac muscle tissue

A

branched / STRIATED muscle connected by INTERCALATED DISKS
- one nucleus per cell
- held in sheath called sarcolemma

64
Q

function / location of cardiac muscle tissue

A

involuntary movement of circulatory system
- contractile tissue of heart

65
Q

intercalated disks

A

junction between two cardiac muscle tissue
- allow for electrical movement (synchronous beating of heart)

66
Q

nervous tissue

A

carry signals by conducting electrical pulses
- sense stimuli
- rapid transmission of info

67
Q

function / location of nervous tissue ?

A

transmit signals through body (communication)
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves

68
Q

neuron

A

composed of axon, dendrite, cell body,

69
Q

axon

A

thicker than dendrites
- carries signal away from cell body to another neuron

70
Q

dendrites

A

thinner / more of them than axons
- receives signal from another neuron

71
Q

myelin sheath

A

fatty insulated layer around axon
- causes electrical impulses to speed up
- comes from schwann cells

72
Q

schwann cell

A

specialized cell that produces myelin sheaths

73
Q

nodes of ranvier

A

gaps between schwann cells

BIO110 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions