Histology review Flashcards
exam 2 (138 cards)
1
Q
ectoderm
A
external
2
Q
“internal”
A
endoderm
3
Q
internal
A
mesoderm- mesothelial cells
4
Q
epithelia
A
avascular, polarized and express keratin
5
Q
all nuclei are in a row
A
simple
6
Q
wandering
A
lymphocytes
7
Q
epidermis
A
SSKE
8
Q
esophagus
A
SSNKE
9
Q
SSNKE
A
all the way to the free surface, living, see the nuclei
10
Q
SSKE has a
A
dark pigmented line
11
Q
pseudostratified
A
all cell contact basal lamina, not all reach the surface
12
Q
transitional
A
large surface cells and binucleate
13
Q
urothelium
A
translitional
14
Q
unicellular you will see
A
goblet cell
15
Q
pancreas duct
A
multicellular compound
16
Q
dermal sebaceous gland
A
multicellular simple
17
Q
exocrine pancreas
A
merocrine
18
Q
exocrine pancreas shows what type of cells?
A
simple columnar
19
Q
decapitation secretion
A
apocrine
20
Q
mammary gland: milk
A
apocrine e
21
Q
dermis-sebaceuos gland
A
holocrine
22
Q
serous secretion (4)
A
- watery secretion
- abundant rer
- round nucleus
- cell well stained
23
Q
mucous (4)
A
- thick secretion
- clear cytoplasm
- flat nucleus
- cells poorly stained
24
Q
zonula occludens and zonula adherens will always be present in
A
the plane of section
25
makes the dots beneath the terminal bar
zonula occludens and zonula adherens
26
tight junction
zonula occludens
27
transmembrane proteins (2)
- occludin
| - claudin
28
transmembrane proteins are attached to
actin
29
calcium dependent intercellular junction
Zonula adherens
30
E-cadherin
Zonula adherens
31
zonula adherens is
continuous with actin cytoskeleton
32
zonula adherens job
transduce signals from adjacent cells
33
gap junction
communicating junction
34
communicating junctions job
facilitates transcellular movement of:
- metabolites
- 2nd messengers
- ion
35
basal lamina you only see in
EM
36
basal lamina is
discontinuous
37
reticular lamin
collagen III
38
basal lamina + reticular lamina
basement membrane
39
indigenous cells (5)
(1) fibroblast
(2) adipocytes
(3) mesenchymal cells
(4) osteogenic cell and derivatives
(5) chondrogenic cell and derivatives
40
Immigrant cells (7)
```
plasma cells
mast cells
macrophages
basophil
lymphocytes
eosinophil
neutrophils
```
41
indigenous cells key point
will always be in the CT
42
Most common cell in most CT
fibroblasts
43
have the capacity to differentiate into myofibroblasts but only in ______
fibroblasts in wound healing
44
collagen II is made by
chondrocytes
45
chicken-wire
white adipose tissue
46
brown adipose tissue has a lot of
capillaries
47
plasma cells are
differentiated B-lymphocytes
48
"cock-face"
Plasma face
49
round granules, one nuclei and the nuclei is smaller to cytoplasm
mast cells
50
basophils are found in the
blood
51
macrophages differentiates from
blood monocytes
52
they have phagocytic vacuoles, esosinophilic cytoplasm
macrophages
53
recirculate from blood to CT and back to blood
lymphocytes
54
lymphocytes are subsets of
B and T cells
55
small, dark nuclei, and little cytoplasm
lymphocytes
56
triple helix
collagen fibrils
57
collagen fibrils will have
dark and light bands
58
collagen fibers
dense regular/irregular
59
Type I collagen is made by
fibroblasts and osteoblasts
60
reticular fibers will stain
silver
61
ground substance
- proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins
| - water
62
lamellar elastic fibers
lasagna like
63
fibrillar elastic fibers
sporadic fibers, branched like a v
64
fibrillin-1 sequestering TGF-beta
marfan syndrome
65
loose (areolar) CT
a lot of ground substance
66
dense regular CT
smooth, with nuclei all going in one direction
67
Dense irregular CT
fibers and nuclei going in all directions
68
Neutrophils location
about half will be in blood and the other CT
69
multi-lobe, and you can see the barr bosy
neutrophils
70
lymphocytes location
abundant in both blood and CT
71
horse-shoe nuclei
monocytes
72
fine granules and the precursor cell to macrophages, osteoclasts and dendritic cells
monocytes
73
monocytes location
only in blood
74
bi-lobed nucleus, bright red in cytoplasm, rod-shaped granules with a line core
eosinophils
75
basophils will be seen in the
blood moslty
76
bilobed nucleus, multiple round granules
basophils
77
formed in bone marrow as fragments
platelets
78
cartilage will contains
- collagen II
| - sulfated proteoglycans
79
cartilage is both
avascular and aneural
80
hyaline cartilage contains
- chondrocytes "back to back D"
- cells retracted from lacunae "floating nuclei"
- interstitial and appositional growth
- interterritorial matrix
- perichondrium
81
elastic fibers will be like hyaline cartilage but
it has elastic fibers "V"
82
fibrocartilage has no
perichondrium
83
fibrocartilage has both
fibroblasts and chondrocytes thus making both collagen I and collagen II
84
fibrocartilage grows
interstitially
85
lamellar (2)
compact
| spongy
86
woven
immature bone and disorderly arrangement of collagen
87
cancellous, trabecular
spongy
88
Compact will contain
haversian systems
89
interstetially lamellae is mostly formed by
remolded haversian system, incomplete osteon
90
osteon
1 haversian system
91
lacunae is where
osteocytes live
92
volkman canal attach two haversian systems
perpendicular
93
spongy contains bone lamellae but no
haversian systems
94
woven bone will contain a
mesenchyme
95
mixed specule
endochondral ossification
96
osteogenic cells
mesenchyme derivative
97
osteoclasts
MPS- derivative
98
endochondral ossification
-cartilage template first
99
epiphyseal growth zones (4)
- resting
- proliferation
- hypertrophy
- calcification
100
mixed spicule fate
either compact or spongy
101
spongy bone remodeling
osteoclast is counter-acted by osteoblast leading to no change in mass of the spicule
102
suppress activity of
osteoclast
103
decreased number/function of osteoclasts
osteopetrosis
104
no cartilage template
intramembranous ossification
105
mixed spicule in
intramembranous ossification
106
intramembranous ossification
- initial bone is woven
| - "de novo"- condensing mesenchyme
107
intramembranous ossification can be both
spongy or compact
108
maintenance of calcium levels
blast vs clast
109
striated voluntary
skeletal
110
continuous external lamina- completely insulated
skeletal
111
true synctium
skeletal
112
functional synctium
cardiac
113
the white space around the myofibrils represents
SR
114
triad
skeletal
115
all CT investments unite at
tendons
116
contractile proteins are linked to the ECm by
dystrophin complex
117
what is the moving compartment of sarcomere?
actin
118
nucleus a the periphery in muscle
skeletal
119
endocrine cell
cardiac muscle cell
120
contractile and conduction
purkinje fibers
121
muscle has no CT
smooth
122
discontinuous external lamina and many gap junctions
smooth
123
dense bodies contains _____ and it is found in
contains actin and found in smooth
124
z-disk equivalent in smooth
dense bodies
125
what can you find in caveole?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
126
multipolar
motor neurons
127
surrounds nerve fibers
perinerium
128
individual axon surrounded by
endonerium
129
unmyelinated fibers
autonomic
130
myelinated fibers
somatic sensory/motor
131
incisures within myelin run oblique angles
schmidt-lanterman
132
exposes the axon due to no myelin
node of ranvier
133
dorsal roo ganglion
sensory ganglion
134
neurons with central neurons and complete ring of satellites... NO DENDRITES!!!!
Sensory ganglion
135
pseudopolar
sensory
136
neurons with eccentric nucleus and incomplete ring of sattelites, dendrites
autonomic
137
gut
enteric
138
exist between two smooth muscle running perpendicular
enteric plexus
