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HISTOPATH Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following comes from the combination of the endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm?

A. Bone
B. Trapezius
C. Cerebrum
D. Skin

A

skin

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2
Q

It is the organ most commonly affected by fatty degeneration?

A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Liver
D. all of these

A

Liver

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3
Q

What is a best tumor marker for medullary cancer of the thyroid?

A. AFP
B. Bence jone protein
C. Calcitonin
D. Chromagranin A

A

Calcitonin

AFP - Liver
Bence jone protein - Multiple myeloma
Chromogranin A- pheochromocytoma

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4
Q

Distance between spray fix and slide

A

1 foot or 12 inch

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5
Q

TAHBSO

A

Total abdominal hysterectomy bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

(TAHBSO)
is the removal of the entire uterus, the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the cervix. TAHBSO is usually performed in the case of uterine and cervical cancer.

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6
Q

reporting of cytologic smear by Papanicolaou:

WNL
ASCUS
AGUS
LSIL
HSIL

A

Within Normal Limit

Atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance

Atypical glandular cells of undetermined

Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion.

High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.

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7
Q

When recording the history of a mother who has had two pregnancies (both of which resulted in live births), what is the correct GP score of the mother?

A. G1P2
B. G2P1
C. G2P2
D. G0P1

A

G2P2

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8
Q

A woman comes to the obstetrician 16 weeks pregnant. how do you calculate her GP score?

A

G1P0

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9
Q

A woman comes into the office. She bring her two children, ages 6 & 14, with her. Both were borned at 40 weeks. She has a positive HCG test.

A

G3P2

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10
Q

How many copies is needed per laboratory report?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

A

3

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11
Q

What Differentiate’s Zenker’s fluid with zenker-formol?

A. Zenker’s fluid have potassium dichromate, Zenker-formol have distilled water
B. Zenker’s fluid have Mercuric Chloride, Zenker-formol have Sodium sulfate
C. Zenker’s fluid have Distilled water, Zenker-formol have sodium sulfate
D. Zenker’s fluid have glacial acetic acid, Zenker-formol have strong formaldehyde

A

Zenker’s fluid have glacial acetic acid, Zenker-formol have strong formaldehyde

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12
Q

Stains for Spirochetes

A

Warthin-Starry silver stain: Demonstrates spirochetes by staining them black.

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13
Q

Which of the following is used to demonstrate circulatory system by injection?

A. Orcein
B. Iodine
C. Janus Green B
D. Prussian Blue

A

Prussian Blue

Orcein - elastic fiber
Iodine - starch
Janus Green B - Mitochondria

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14
Q

Refractive index of glass in mounting

A

1.518

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15
Q

It is the most critical step in tissue processing?

A. Staining
B. Numbering
C. Fixation
D. Sectioning

A

Fixation

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16
Q

An Oat Cell Carcinoma (Small Cell CA) was discovered from a 18 y/o, what is the indication that it is proliferating and undergoing metastasis:

A. LCA
B. PCNA
C. Desmin
D. CK-7

A

PCNA

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17
Q

An amputee’s foot was received in your laboratory but there is no enough fixative available, what should you do?

A. Leave the specimen at room temperature until the supple of fixative have arrived
B. Return the specimen to the requesting physician
C. Place the sample for the mean time at refrigerator until the supply of fixative have arrived
D. Cut the specimen into smaller pieces until that remaining fixative become enough to the specimen

A

Place the sample for the mean time at refrigerator until the supply of fixative have arrived

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18
Q

Main protein that can be found in connective tissue

A

Collagen

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19
Q

suffix -itis means?
double edged sword

A

inflammation

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20
Q

Cardinal sign: due to arteriolar and capillary dilation with increased rate of blood flow towards the site of injury?
redness

A

RUBOR

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21
Q

Cardinal sign: Due to increased capillary permeability causing extravasation of blood fluid; recruitment of phagocytes?
swelling

A

TUMOR

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22
Q

Cardinal sign: Due to transfer of internal heat to the surface or site of injury, brought about by increased blood content?

A

CALOR

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23
Q

Cardinal sign: Due to pressure upon the sensory nerve by the exudate/tumor

A

DOLOR

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24
Q

Cardinal sign: Destruction of the functioning unit of the tissue?
Rudolf Virchow

A

FUNCTIO LAESA

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25
A focal aggregation of activated macrophages which are transformed in an epithelial-like (epitheliod) cells, have an abundant pink cytoplasm and are surrounded by numerous lymphocytes and plasma cells.
Granuloma
26
Macrophages in lymph nodes
Sinus histiocytes
27
Macrophages in pulmonary alveoli of lungs
Alveolar macrophages / dust cells
28
Macrophages in central nervous tissue
Microglial cell
29
Macrophages in placenta
Hofbauer cells
30
Macrophages in kidney
Intraglomerular mesangial cells
31
Defective development of tissue/organ
Aplasia
32
No appearance of an organ, Refers to the failure of an organ to develop during embryonic growth and development. ex. phocomelia, Mullerian ageneis
Agenesia
33
Failure of an organ to reach its full mature size, underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ.
Hypoplasia
34
Failure of an organ to form an opening
Atresia
35
Decrease in size of the normally mature tissue/organ
Atrophy
36
Tissue size increase because size increase of individual cells
Hypertrophy
37
Tissue size increase because of increase in the number of cells making up the tissue.
Hyperplasia
38
Reversible change involving transformation in one type of adult cell to another.
Metaplasia
39
Continuous abnormal proliferation of the cells without control (no purpose or function)
Neoplasia
40
Abnormal changes in cellular shape, size and/or organization.
Dysplasia
41
Vaginal smear for vaginal hormonal cytology
Upper Lateral Third
42
This is extremely important for detection of dysplasia and carcinomas if the cervix,
Transformation zone
43
Gram (+), slender rod shape, most common organism of the normal vaginal flora Pap's stain - Blue Lavender Love acidic pH of 5.5
Doderlein bacillus Lactobacillus acidophilus
44
Cytopathic effect of cell is characterized as macrosomia, multinucleation, nuclear molding and ground glass chromatin pattern
HSV II
45
Squamous epithelial cells that show cytopathic effect of HPV Cells with atypical (wrinkled prune) nucleus surrounded by a perinuclear halo Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL in Bethesda)
Koilocytes
46
Cervical mucus exhibits a 'palm leaf' pattern, Signify a high persistent estrogen effect, Arborization of mucus due to the formation of salt crystals in high NaCl concentration, Diagnosis of early pregnancy / rupture membrane
Ferning / Arborization
47
Fresh Tissue Examination: Watch glass with NSS then tissue is dissected/separated then examined under the Phase contrast/Bright field microscope
Teasing Dissociation
48
Fresh Tissue Examination: <1mm sandwiched between 2 slides, Vital stain (living state)
Crushing Squash
49
Uses applicator stick, platinum loop For preparation of mucoid secretions such as vaginal secretion aspirated from the posterior fornix, sputum and gastric content
Streaking
50
Uses two applicator stick, oval-shaped smear For preparation of thick mucoid secretions, for smears of fresh sputum and bronchial aspirate
Spreading
51
Uses two glass slide Secretions such as serous fluids, concentrated sputum and enzymatic lavage sample from the GIT, smears of urinary sediment, vaginal pool and breast secretions.
Pull-Apart
52
Cells are directly taken from the surface of excised, incised specimens by touching them with a clean glass slide, Mostly indicated in cases of Hematolymphoid malignancy
Touch Impression Imprint Abraded smear
53
A natural dye derived from extraction from the heartwood of the Mexican tree known as 'Hematoxylin Campechianum.
Hematoxylin
54
Hematoxylin dye use for the study of Spermatogenesis
Copper Hematoxylin
55
Demonstration of Connective tissue
Acid Fuchsin Picric (Van Gieson's stain)
56
Demonstration of calcium salt deposits and phosphatase activities
Acridine Red 3B
57
Stain for hemoglobin or blood
Benzidine
58
Used as counterstain for gram's staining for acid fasting for Papanicolaou method
Bismarck brown
59
Best known as indicator. Stain elastic tissues, amyloid, myelin
Congo red
60
Stain for blood to differentiate WBCs, blood parasites
Giemsa stain
61
Stain for demonstration of Mitochondria during vital staining
Janus Green
62
Counterstain for Ascaris egg, RBC and bacterial spores
Malachite Green
63
Common basic nuclear stain used with eosin. For plasma cell, for diphtheria, vital staining for Nervous tissue, cytological examination of sputum for malignant cells.
Methylene Blue
64
A basic stain, for granules & vacuoles of phagocytic cells
Neutral Red
65
Stains for Elastic & dermatological studies
Orcein
66
Stains for Fats
Osmium tetroxide
67
Stain for Neuroglia in frozen sections
Victoria Blue
68

MT Q&As (7 decks)

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