SERO Flashcards by Dead Braincells

Which of the following is an antigen on the outside of the hepatitis B virus?

A. HBeAg
B. HBcAg
C. HBsAg
D. None of the above

HBsAg

Hepatitis B surface antigen is appropriately named because it resides on the surface of the hepatitis B virus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Number of light chain in antibodies

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Detection of Hepatitis C by

A. Anti- B
B. Anti-A
C. Anti-C
D. Anti-D

Anti-C

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which immunoglobulin is the principal one found in secretions such as milk?

A. IgG
B. IgM
C. IgA
D. IgD
E. IgE

IgA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Normal range of ASO test

A. Up to 200 IU/ml
B. Up to 100 IU/ml
C. Less than 50 mg/dl
D. 70-110 mg/dl

Up to 200 IU/ml

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following immunoglobulin is present normally in plasma at the highest concentration?

A. IgG
B. IgM
C. IgA
D. I gD
E. IgE

IgG

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Autoimmune disease that cause hypothyroidism

HASHIMOTO DISEASE / THYROIDISM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Antisalivary duct antibodies, antilacrimal gland antibodies

Sjogrens syndromes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Antibody absent to brotuns

All antibodies

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What electrolyte that is deficient to Digeorge syndrome

Zinc

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Platelet are small and defective

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Washing for Wharton’s jelly

6-8x

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Precipitation curve that has antibody excess

PROZONE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Precipitation curve that has antigen excess

POSTZONE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most common cause of death of rheumatoid arthritis

Renal failure

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type of hypersensitivity of rheumatoid arthritis

Type III

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type of hypersensitivity for anaphylaxis

Type I

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Not antibody mediated hypersensitivity

Type IV

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

AIHA hypersensitivity

Type II

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Primary immunodeficiency most commonly confused with AIDS in the pediatric group

NEZELOF SYNDROME

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

First retrovirus discovered?

A. HIV
B. Syphilis
C. HTLV-1
D. Gonorrhea

HTLV-1

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What holds the monomers in IgM?

A. V chain
B. J chain
C. Peptide bonds
D. Hydrogen bonds

J chain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Color of AHG reagent?

A. Blue
B. Yellow
C. Pale blue
D. Pale green

Pale green

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What form of immunoglobulin is present in Saliva?

A. Monomer
B. Dimer
C. Tetramer
D. Pentamer

Dimer

Note:
IgA2, is found as a dimer along the respiratory, urogenital, and instestinal mucosa, and it also appears in milk, Saliva, tears, and sweat. (Steven’s p. 61)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which is an example of in-vitro molecular assay?

PCR

CRP is produced by?

Liver

Translation happens in what part of the cell? A. Nucleolus B. Cytoplasm C. Ribosomes D. Nucleus

Cytoplasm

HAV Diagnostic? A. HAV RNA B. ANTI-HAV IgM C. ANTI-HAV IgG D. ANTI-HAV IgD

ANTI-HAV IgM

What is an example of Cellular assay in lymphocyte stimulation assay?

Mix lymphocyte culture

What is an example of Cellular assay in lymphocyte stimulation assay?

Mix lymphocyte culture

What is an example of Molecular Technique in lymphocyte stimulation assay?

Restriction fragment length polymorphism

Therapeutic vaccination: Live, attenuated chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies vaccines; Pasteurization

Louis Pasteur (1880-1881)

Smallpox vaccination Cross-immunity

Edward Jenner (1798)

Genetic principles underlying generation of antibodies with different specificities

Susumo tonegawa

Side chain theory Antibody formation theory Chemotherapy

Paul Ehrlich

Complement Nobel price 1919

Jules bordet

Radioimmunoassay 1959 or late 1950s

Rosalyn yalow and Berson

Demonstration of cutaneous (delayed-type) hypersensitivity

Robert koch (1891)

Immediate-hypersensitivity anaphylaxis (type I)

Paul Portier, Charles Robert Richet (1902)

Development of polio vaccine (1949)

SALK VACCINE - is a formalin-killed poliovirus; injected, stimulates antibody production in serum but not in mucosa SABIN VACCINE: is a live attenuated poliovirus; orally administered stimulates production of both IgA and IgG

Identification of genes for T cell receptor (1985-1987) - gene (1983) - structure

Ellis Reinherz

Development of human papillomavirus vaccine (2005)

Frazer

Normal CRP value for adult

<0.05mg/dl

Natural antibiotic

Lysozyme Interferon

Major component of alpha1 band

Alpha1-antitrypsin

Major humoral (fluid) component of natural immunity

Complement C3

Major humoral (fluid) component of natural immunity

Complement C3

Major humoral (fluid) component of natural immunity

Complement C3

Enhances phagocytosis To prepare for eating

Opsonin

Best immunogen in chemical composition and complexity

Protein and polysaccharides

Best immunogen in size/weight

100,000 Dalton

It binds with antibody in the presence of carrier protein

Haptens

Shape or configuration that are recognized by T or B cells

Epitope

What is the most immunogenic? A. 230,000 D protein B. 280,000 D polysaccharides

230,000 D protein

Major Histocompatibility complex produce by what chromosome?

Chromosome 6 (short arm)

What organ doesn't need HLA Typing?

Liver

What is the type of antigen that bypass the normal Ag processing

Superantigen/ TSS 1

What chromosome is for the production of MHC?

Chromosome 6

What is the waiting area of the lymphocyte?

Secondary lymphoid organ

Where is the location of periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS)

T cell

What cell is in marginal zone of secondary lymphoid organ?

Dendritic cell

Largest secondary lymphoid organ?

Spleen

Confused with neonatal HIV infection

Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency

These surface immunoglobulins provide the primary activating signal to B cells when contact with antigen takes place

IgM & IgD

Mitogenic substance that can be both T cell and B cell

Phytohemagglutinin A (PHA) Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)

Non T cell Non B cell K cell LAK cell

Natural killer cells / Third Population cell

Non T cell Non B cell K cell LAK cell

Natural killer cells / Third Population cell

CD Markers of Natural killer cells

CD 16, 56, 57, 69

NK activity is stimulated by?

IL-12, IFN-y and IFN-B

What HLA type gives increase resistance to HIV

HLA B8

Which the function of complement system? A. Opsonization B. Cell lysis (end product of complement) C. Inflammation (via anaphylotoxin) D. Chemotaxis E. Not antiviral F. AOTA

All of the above

Is an indication of relative concentration?

Dilution

Is an indication of relative concentration?

Dilution

Immunofixation electrophoresis Increase anti-y (kappa) & anti-lambda A. Abnormal monoclonal IgG B. Abnormal monoclonal IgG and lambda

Abnormal monoclonal IgG and lambda

Immunofixation electrophoresis Increase anti-Mu, anti-kapha, anti-lambda

Abnormal polyclonal IgG, IgM, kapha, lambda

Fluorogenic substrate-label antigen competing with patient antigen for antibody. Then unbound leftover labeled antigen reacts with enzyme to form production. (reaction is directly proportional)

Fluorescent substrate label inhibition

Fluorophore labeled antigen competes with patient antigen for antibody. Antibody-bound labeller antigen ROTATES slowly, emitting lower energy light

Fluorescent Polarization immunoassay

Most specific test to detect H. Pylori

Culture

Triggers acute inflammation reaction which recruit neutrophils and eosinophils to help destroy invading antigens that have penetrated IgA defenses.

IgE

Serum concentration of immunoglobulin IgM IgE IgD IgA IgG

IgM - 120-150 IgE - 0.005 IgD - 1-3 IgA - 70-350 IgG - 800-1600

Immunoglobulin that has J chains

IgM and IgA

Complement pathway that triggers bacterial cell wall, LPS, Fungal cell wall (zymosan), yeast, virus, virally infected cells, tumor cell lines, and parasites (trypanosomes) ; Aggregated IgG2, IgA and IgE; in PNH triggered BY RBC then lysis

Alternative Pathway (properdin)

Rocky mountain spotted fever Rickettsial disease

OX-19: ++++ OX-2: + OX-K: -

Scrub Rickettsial disease

OX-19: - OX-2: - OX-K: ++++

Most specific test to detect H. Pylori

Culture

Surrogate test for hepatitis

ALT/AST

Weil-Felix test base on cross reactivity with proteus Principle: direct agglutination

Rickettsia

Widal test, for the dx of typhoid fever Principle: direct agglutination

Salmonella typhi

Major cause of both gastric and duodenal ulcer Urease(+) Use culture

Helicobacter pylori

Infectious mononucleosis / kissing diseae

Epstein barr virus

Antigen and viral RNA, indicates initial viral replication

P24

Antigen and viral RNA, indicates initial viral replication

P24

Antibody that is first to manifest in plasma in HIV Infection

Anti-P24

Most important defense against Fungal infection

Cellular immunity

Most common opportunistic disease in patient with AIDS

P.carini / P. Jirovecii

Most common cause of all serious Fungal disease

C. Albicans

Gag 1. Inner surface of envelope 2. Core coat for nucleic acid 3. Core binding protein 4. Binds to genomic RNA

1. p16 2. p24 3. p9 4. p7

Env 1. Binds to CD4 on T cells 2. Transmembrane protein associated with gp120

1. gp120 2. gp41