HLTH 460 Exam 1

Question 1

Risk factors

Answer 1

an influence that can push an individual towards engaging in a problem behavior

Question 2

Types of risk factors

Answer 2

community
family
school
peers/individual

Question 3

Protective factor

Answer 3

measure of safety set in order to protect an individual from a specific risk

Question 4

An ounce of prevention…

Answer 4

is worth a pound of care

Question 5

Universal Group

Answer 5

activities are targeted to the general public or a whole population group

Question 6

universal direct

Answer 6

interventions directly serve an identifiable group of participants but who have no been identified on the basis of individual risk

Question 7

identifiable group

Answer 7

school students or a general group of people without knowing needs

Question 8

universal indirect

Answer 8

interventions support population-based programs and environmental strategies (policies)

Question 9

Selective

Answer 9

targeted to a sub-group of the population whose risk of developing a disorder is significantly higher

Question 10

Indicated

Answer 10

individuals in high-risk environments identified as having minimal but detectable signs or symptoms

Question 11

Prevention science planning

Answer 11

a chocolate pie

assessment
capacity
planning
implementation
evaluation

Question 12

Assessment

Answer 12

profile population needs, resources, and readiness to address needs and gaps

Question 13

Capacity

Answer 13

mobilize and/or build capacity to address needs

Question 14

Planning

Answer 14

develop a comprehensive strategic plan

Question 15

Implementation

Answer 15

implement evidence-based prevention programs and activities

Question 16

Evaluation

Answer 16

monitor, evaluate, sustain, and improve or replace those that fail

Question 17

Motivational interview definition

Answer 17

a way of being with people that enhances intrinsic motivation to change

a method of exploring and resolving ambivalence

Question 18

Purpose of motivational interviewing

Answer 18

foster collaboration

Question 19

Four core principles/anchors of MI

Answer 19

Express empathy

develop discrepancy

roll w/resistance

support self-efficacy

Question 20

Express empathy

Answer 20

being able to demonstrate to others our understanding of their perspective or point of view

when one suffering has the experience of feeling understood at core levels the doors of change begin to open

Question 21

Develop discrepancy

Answer 21

Explore with others how they currently are compared to where they would like to be.

Provide a safe environment where you can help others explore the consequences of certain behaviors.

In order for change to occur it is critical that the other see and admit for themselves the consequences for certain behavior

Question 22

Roll with resistance

Answer 22

Accept other’s reluctance to change as natural rather than pathological

Understand that there are emotional reasons for the current behavior even though the behavior may not be rational

understand that they can have multiple conflicting emotions

Question 23

Support self-efficacy

Answer 23

Support another’s right to choose for themselves (even when the other may choose to not change) and help them move toward change successfully and with confidence. We do this by exploring and helping to resolve ambivalence

Question 24

Four main methods of Motivational Interviewing

Answer 24

open ended questions
affirmations
reflections
summary

Question 25

Open ended questions

Answer 25

An open ended question opens the door for discussion and exploration. An open ended question is one that cannot be answered with a simple yes or no

Question 26

Affirmations

Answer 26

Direct statements of support during a conversation that is usually directed at something specific and change oriented that the other has done. These statements demonstrate that you understand and appreciate at least in part what the other is dealing with and are supportive. You help develop confidence in the other by praising small steps taken in the direction of change

Question 27

Reflections

Answer 27

Listening reflectively and forming reflections is one way to be empathic. Listening reflectively is about being quiet and actively listening to the other, and then responding with a statement that reflects the essence of what the other said, or what you think the other said. You accurately identify the essential meaning of what the client has said and reflect it back to the client in terms easily understood by the client

Question 28

Summary

Answer 28

From time to time, offer a summary of what you are hearing and feeling. After several minutes of using OARS, a summary could serve as a check to see if you are “getting” what the other is trying to relay

Question 29

no treatment/early intervention

Answer 29

causes problems | continue to use despite harm

Question 30

general outpatient

Answer 30

1-8 hours a week | individual and group therapy

Question 31

Intensive outpatient

Answer 31

8-17 hours a week | individual and group therapy

Question 32

Short term residential treatment

Answer 32

24 hour facility live there 30--45 days

Question 33

Long term residential

Answer 33

24 hour facility Live there 3-6 months

Question 34

Recovery management

Answer 34

1-5 years or life long support groups most neglected stage

Question 35

Limbic system

Answer 35

basic instincts three prime directives: survival, avoid pain, seek pleasure pleasure centers tied to autonomic nervous system

Question 36

Pre-frontal cortex

Answer 36

higher functions = reasoning, meaning rational and logical morals/values caring about relationships guilt/remorse consequences

Question 37

Negotiating

Answer 37

``` Win-win win-lose compromise lose-win lose-lose ```

Question 38

Dealing with conflict

Answer 38

framing trusting feeling deciding

Question 39

Framing

Answer 39

if it's framed as competitive = win/lose if it's famed as collaborative = win/win

Question 40

Trusting

Answer 40

There is a direct relationship between trust and disclosure of information. Each can stimulate the other and create ongoing cycles of trust, which steadily increases

Question 41

Feeling

Answer 41

There is a direct, powerful relationship between the emotions we experience in a negotiation and our behaviors.

Question 42

Deciding

Answer 42

Learning to determine whether a situation is collaborative or competitive in nature….and then acting accordingly. DECIDING what my approach is and recognizing my feelings

Question 43

Conflict basic aspects

Answer 43

assertiveness | cooperativeness

Question 44

Competing

Answer 44

``` My way or the highway quick action unpopular decisions standing up for vital issues protecting yourself ``` lack of feedback, win/lose, arguging/debating, standing your ground

Question 45

Accommodating

Answer 45

``` keeping peace retreating creating goodwill forgoing your desires selflessness ``` overlooked ideas restricted influence anarchy

Question 46

Avoiding

Answer 46

I'll think about it tomorrow tries to reduce tensions by avoiding small problems buying time withdraws, sense of timing lack of input decisions made my default festering issues

Question 47

Collaborating

Answer 47

``` integrating solutions learning merging perspectives improving relationships ability to listen/understand non-threatening confrontation ``` too much time on small maters work overload

Question 48

Compromising

Answer 48

let's make a deal reaching resolution creating temporary solutions dealing with time constratints finding middle ground assessing value loss of big picture ideas lack of trust cynical climate

Question 49

Effective negotiators

Answer 49

recognize the choices that they need to make recognize and adapt to others behaviors empathic and assertive carry the burden of moving negotiations ahead

Question 50

addiction definition

Answer 50

Drug addiction is a disease caused by the brains inability to accurately perceive, process and act upon pleasurable experience. The brain has lost the ability to perceive what is really important for survival. Drug addiction is the biological deregulation of the midbrain’s pleasure seeking system

Question 51

substance abuse doesn't happen in a vaccum

Answer 51

``` suicides assaults rapes child abuse auto thefts burglaries manslaughter traffic violations ```

Question 52

Disease model

Answer 52

Drug abuse is a disease of the decision making portions of the human brain. Organ There is a defect The defect generates symptoms

Question 53

Dopamine

Answer 53

Dopamine plays a role in consolidating neuron connections (wiring the brain) used in pleasure

Question 54

Diagnosing addiction

Answer 54

Abuse Dependence Craving

Question 55

Abuse

Answer 55

causes problems | continue to use despite harm

Question 56

Dependence

Answer 56

physical and psychological I need it to function tolerance withdrawal

Question 57

Craving

Answer 57

extreme desire to use obsessive thinking cues and triggers relapses are always preceded by a craving

Question 58

Withdrawal

Answer 58

``` cold shakes chills bone pain vomiting fever-like symptoms insomnia mood swings GI problems ```

Question 59

Tolerance

Answer 59

tolerance decreases after a detox

Question 60

Adolescents and Tobacco

Answer 60

early use interferes w/development of frontal cortex adolescence is a critical time for brain development decreases likelihood of stopping later

Question 61

Pharmacotherapy

Answer 61

use of mediactions in combination with counseling and behaviroal therapies to provide a whole-patient approach to the treatment of substance use disorders

Question 62

Purpose of MAT

Answer 62

manage detox and acute withdrawal symptoms prevent relapse lead productive lives

Question 63

Striatum

Answer 63

part of the brain that is in charge of reward

Question 64

parts of limbic system

Answer 64

hippocampus amygdala striatum

Question 65

Hippocampus

Answer 65

memories

Question 66

Amygdala

Answer 66

Emotions

Question 67

Nucleus accumbens

Answer 67

pleasure center

Question 68

Cocaine and Meth block

Answer 68

the reabsorption of dopamine, causing high levels of dopamine within the brain