Homeostasis Flashcards
Roles of the Liver in Homeostasis
Gluconeogenesis Processing of nitrogenous wastes Detoxification of wastes/chemicals/drugs Storage of iron and vitamin A Synthesis of bile and blood proteins Beta oxidation of fatty acids to ketones Interconversion of carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids
Layers of the Skin
Stratum Corneum Stratum Lucidum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Spinosum Stratum Basalis
Osmoregulation
Filtration: at glomerulus (passive)
Secretion: of acids, bases, ions from interstitial fluid to filtrate (passive and active), maintains pH
Reabsorption: essential substances and water flow from filtrate to blood, enabled by osmolarity gradient and selective permeability of walls (passive and active)
Aldosterone
Stimulates Na+ reabsorption, K+ and H+ secretion, increasing water reabsorption, blood volume, and BP
Secreted from adrenal cortex
Regulated by renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
ADH
aka vasopressin
Increases collection ducts permeability to water to increase water reabsorption
Secretes from posterior pituitary with high solute concentration in the blood
Kidney’s Role in Regulation
Regulate concentration of salt and water in the blood, the functional unit is the nephron
Pathway of Excretory System
kidney - renal pelvis - ureter - bladder - urethra
Vasa Recta
second capillary set that surrounds the the loop of Henle
Pathway through the Nephron
Glomerulus - Bowmans Capsule - proximal Convoluted Tubule - descending loop of Henle - ascending Loop or Henle - distal convoluted tubule - collecting duct
Secretions of the Nephron
salts, acids, bases, urea
2 Main functions of the Kidney
- Keep what the body needs and get rid of what it doesn’t
2. Concentrate urine to conserve water
Acid-Base Balance in the Kidney
when pH is too low (acidic) extra H+ is excreted and when pH is too high (basic) extra H+ is reabsorbed
Layers of the Epidermis
Come Lets Get Sun Burned Corneum Lucideum Granulosum Spinosum Basale
Melanocytes
originate from neural crest cells, produce melanin
Langerhans Cells
macrophages in the stratum spinosum that can preent to T cells to activate immune response
