Homologous series

Question 1

What is the homologous series

Answer 1

A family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties who share the same general formula

Question 2

What are the characteristics of the homologous series

Answer 2

1.Similar chemical properties
2.The same general formula
3. Gradation in Physical Properties
4. Same Functional Group

Question 3

What is the general formula and the functional group of Alkanes

Answer 3

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

Single bonds[-]

Question 4

What is the general formula and the functional group of Alkenes

Answer 4

CₙH₂ₙ

Double bonds[=]

Question 5

What is the general formula and the functional group of Alkynes

Answer 5

CₙH₂ₙ₋₂

Triple bonds

Question 6

What is the general formula and the functional group of Alcohols

Answer 6

CₙH₂ₙ₊₁OH

–OH (hydroxyl group)

Question 7

What is the general formula and the functional group of Carboxylic acids

Answer 7

CₙH₂ₙO₂

–COOH (carboxyl group

Question 8

What is the general formula and the functional group of Esters

Answer 8

CₙH₂ₙO₂

–COO–

Question 9

What is the general formula and the functional group of Aldehydes

Answer 9

CₙH₂ₙO

-CHO

Question 10

What is the general formula and the functional group of Ketones

Answer 10

CₙH₂ₙO

–CO–

Question 11

Whats the steps for naming a structure

Answer 11

1. Find the longest carbon chain[This is your base name (meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, etc.)
   2.Identify the highest priority functional group[This will give you the suffix (–ol, –oic acid, –al, –ene, etc.)]
2. Number the chain[try to make it the lowest number]
   4.Include position numbers for functional groups
   5.Put it all together

Question 12

Whats the base names for the structures

Answer 12

1 carbon → meth-

2 carbons → eth-

3 carbons → prop-

4 carbons → but-

5 carbons → pent-