Hormones and Glands

Question 1

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 1

System of glands that secrete hormones to send signals to effectors, transported via blood (Slower than nervous system)

Question 2

What is the pituitary gland?

Answer 2

“Master” Gland, sends signals to other glands
Location: Head

Question 3

What controls growth, metabolism etc

Answer 3

Thyroid Gland

Question 4

What gland secretes insulin, glucagon and controls blood sugar levels

Answer 4

Pancreas

Question 5

What gland releases adrenaline

Answer 5

Adrenal Gland

Question 6

What gland releases sperm or eggs

Answer 6

Testes

Question 7

What does the pancreas do if blood glucose levels are too HIGH?

Answer 7

Pancreas secretes insulin, which causes glucose to move from bloodstream into cells to be used for respiration
Excess glucose is converted into glycogen as an energy store

Question 8

What does the pancreas do if blood glucose levels are too LOW?

Answer 8

Pancreas secretes glucagon, which causes the livers and muscles to convert glycogen back to glucose
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Question 9

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 9

Pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin for body
Injections needed

Question 10

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 10

Cells no longer absorb glucose
Obesity higher risks

Question 11

What does the adrenal gland do?

Answer 11

The Adrenal glands (Attached on top of kidneys) release adrenaline into your body, which increases blood flow and breathing rate, to prepare you for ‘fight or flight’

Question 12

What does thyroxine do?

Answer 12

Controls metabolic rates in the body

Question 13

What happens if thyroxine levels are too low?

Answer 13

Hypothalamus in brain releases TRH (Thyrotropin releasing hormone) which causes pituitary gland to release TSH
(Thyroid stimulating hormone) which causes thyroid to release more thyroxine
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