HS 5 CHAP 1

Question 1

Scientific study of how people change

Answer 1

Developmental Psychology

Question 2

Scientific study of how people change:

Answer 2

(cognition, emotional, control)

Question 3

Qualitative

Answer 3

Development

Question 4

Quantitative

Answer 4

Growth

Question 5

The goal of development is self-realization or the achievement of genetic people.

(TO BECOME BEST VERSION OF OUR SELVES)

Answer 5

DEVELOPMENT INVOLVES CHANGES

Question 6

Produce changes in an individual’s Physical nature.

Answer 6

Biological Processes

Question 7

These refer to changes in the individual’s Thought,Intelligence,Language

Answer 7

Cognitive Processes

Question 8

These involve changes in the individual’s RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER PEOPLE , changes in emotions, and changes in personality.

Answer 8

Socioeconomic Processes

Question 9

There is evidence that at different ages, certain traits stand out more conspicuously than others because their development is taking place at a more rapid rate.

Answer 9

PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT

Question 10

Is the unfolding of characteristics potentially present in the individual that come from the individual’s genetic endowment.

Answer 10

Maturation

Question 11

The tendency of humans to develop asymmetrically.

Answer 11

Asymmetry

Question 12

Development does not proceed at the same even pace along all fronts simultaneously.

Answer 12

Self-regulating Fluctuation

Question 13

There are two functions that go along with the process of maturation:

Answer 13

Phylogenetic Functions
Ontogenetic Functions

Question 14

These are common to the human race, and which come from maturation. Training is of little advantage.

Answer 14

Phylogenetic Functions

Question 15

These are specific to individual wherein training and exercise are essential.

Answer 15

Ontogenetic Functions

Question 16

Is defined as the development that comes from exercise and effort which, in time, bring about a change in person’s behavior.

Answer 16

Learning

Question 17

Because of the limitations in the hereditary endowment of the child, development cannot go beyond a certain point even when learning is encouraged.

Answer 17

sets limit to development

Question 18

When environment limits opportunities for learning, children will be unable to reach their hereditary potentials.

Answer 18

Deprivation of learning opportunities limits development

Question 19

Children’s innate capacities must be encouraged to develop, especially at the time they normally develop.

Answer 19

Essential for full development

Question 20

Regardless of how much effort children put into learning; they cannot learn until they are developmentally ready to learn. This is referred to as “teachable moment” by Havighurst.

Answer 20

proper timing

Question 21

Are known as developmental task.

Answer 21

Social expectations

Question 22

Every species follows a pattern of development peculiar to that species.

Answer 22

DEVELOPMENT PATTERN IS PREDICTABLE

Question 23

No one age period is more important than
another

Answer 23

lifelong

Question 24

Includes both gains and losses

Answer 24

Multidirectional

Question 25

Physical Cognitive Psychosocial

Answer 25

Multidimensional

Question 26

Involves fields such as biology, sociology, and medicine

Answer 26

Multidisciplinary

Question 27

Many of our characteristics are malleable and can be changed

Answer 27

Plasticity

Question 28

Affected by circumstances such as time and socioeconomic status

Answer 28

Multicontextual

Question 29

Changes experienced by people alive at a certain time (e.g., war, epidemics, economic recession)

Answer 29

Normative history-graded influences

Question 30

A group of people born at roughly the same period in a particular society

Answer 30

Cohort

Question 31

Individual experiences (e.g., illness, winning the lottery)

Answer 31

Non-normative life influences

Question 32

Identifier based on shared levels of education, income, and occupation

Answer 32

Socioeconomic Status

Question 33

associated with more control and less stress

Answer 33

Higher SES

Question 34

associated with poorer health and lower life expectancy due to poor diet, dangerous jobs, lack of medical care, etc.

Answer 34

Lower SES

Question 35

Totality of shared language, knowledge, material objects, and behavior

Answer 35

Culture

Question 36

Belief that one’s own culture is superior to other cultures

Answer 36

Ethnocentrism

Question 37

Appreciation for cultural differences

Answer 37

Cultural relativity

Question 38

Appreciation for cultural differences

Answer 38

Cultural relativity

Question 39

Understanding that cultural practices are best understood from the standpoint of that particular culture

Answer 39

Cultural relativity

Question 40

The length of time a species can exist under the most optimal conditions

Answer 40

Lifespan (longevity)

Question 41

The oldest living land animal is a

Answer 41

190-year-old

Question 42

Predicted number of years a person born in a particular time period can reasonably expect to live

Answer 42

Life expectancy

Question 43

Women tend to live longer than men. In 2021, this difference amounted to a

Answer 43

5-year gap

Question 44

In some countries, like Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine, the gap is large

Answer 44

more than 10 years

Question 45

One key reason is that boys tend to be more vulnerable to

Answer 45

infectious diseases

Question 46

One key reason is that boys tend to be more vulnerable to

Answer 46

infectious diseases

Question 47

The number of years since your birth

Answer 47

Chronological age

Question 48

How quickly your body is aging

Answer 48

Biological age

Question 49

Psychologically adaptive capacity compared to others of our chronological age

Answer 49

Psychological age

Question 50

Based on the social norms of our culture and the expectations our culture has for people of our age group

Answer 50

Social age

Question 51

Conception to birth

Answer 51

Prenatal

Question 52

Birth to 2 years of age

Answer 52

Infancy and toddlerhood

Question 53

2 to 6 years of age

Answer 53

Early childhood

Question 54

6 years of age to puberty

Answer 54

Middle childhood

Question 55

From onset of puberty to age 18

Answer 55

Adolescence

Question 56

18 to 25 years of age

Answer 56

Emerging adulthood

Question 57

40-45 to 60-65 years of age

Answer 57

Middle adulthood

Question 58

Age 65 and older

Answer 58

Late adulthood

Question 59

Heredity plays the most important role in causing a trait/behavior

Answer 59

Nature perspective

Question 60

The environment is most significant in shaping the way we are

Answer 60

Nurture perspective

Question 61

Development is a slow and gradual process

Answer 61

Continuous

Question 62

Developmental change often occurs in distinct stages

Answer 62

Discontinuous

Question 63

We construct our experiences

Answer 63

Active

Question 64

We are affected by the environment or our genes with little control

Answer 64

Passive

Question 65

We change very little from childhood to adulthood

Answer 65

Stability perspective

Question 66

Initial tendencies modified by experiences

Answer 66

Change perspective