HS 5 CHAP 4

Question 1

Traits that are common in a population

Answer 1

Genetic

Question 2

Traits that vary in a population

Answer 2

Hereditability

Question 3

Are structures found in the center (nucleus) of cells that carry long pieces of DNA.

Answer 3

Chromosomes

Question 4

How many chromosomes?

Answer 4

46 or 23 pairs

Question 5

Autosomes?

Answer 5

22 pairs

Question 6

Gonosomes

Answer 6

23rd pairs

Question 7

Deoxyribonucleic acid is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism.

Answer 7

DNA

Question 8

Are the basic physical and functional unit of heredity which are contained in chromosomes.

Answer 8

Genes

Question 9

Genes

Answer 9

25,000

Question 10

When does life begin?

Answer 10

Gestation Period

Question 11

What are needed for conception to occur?

Answer 11

• Primary sex organs
• Sex cells

Question 12

Happen in about 1 of every 250 births

Answer 12

Identical twins

Question 13

Happen in about 1 of every 125 births

Answer 13

Fraternal twins

Question 14

The underlying combination of genetic material present (but not outwardly visible) in an organism.

Answer 14

Genotype

Question 15

An observable trait; the trait that is actually seen.

Answer 15

Phenotype

Question 16

The one trait that is expressed when two competing traits are present.

Answer 16

Dominant trait

Question 17

A trait within an organism that is present, but is not expressed unless paired with another

Answer 17

Recessive trait

Question 18

Is a form of intellectual disability caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21

Answer 18

Down syndrome

Question 19

Is a genetic disorder that results from an abnormality in the X chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks

Answer 19

Fragile X syndrome (FXS)

Question 20

Is a chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY

Answer 20

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 21

Is a chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted

Answer 21

Turner syndrome

Question 22

Is a chromosomal disorder in which a male has an extra Y chromosome

Answer 22

XYY syndrome

Question 23

Glandular dysfunction that interferes with mucus production; breathing and digestion are hampered, resulting in a shortened life span.

Answer 23

Cystic fibrosis

Question 24

Body does not produce enough insulin, which causes abnormal metabolism of sugar.

Answer 24

Diabetes

Question 25

Delayed blood clotting causes internal and external bleeding.

Answer 25

Hemophilia

Question 26

Central nervous system deteriorates, producing problems in muscle coordination and mental deterioration.

Answer 26

Huntington's disease

Question 27

Metabolic disorder that, left untreated, causes intellectual disability and hyperactivity.

Answer 27

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 28

Blood disorder that limits the body's oxygen supply; it can cause joint swelling, as well as heart and kidney failure.

Answer 28

Sickle-cell anemia

Question 29

Neural tube disorder that causes brain and spine abnormalities.

Answer 29

Spina bifida

Question 30

Deceleration of mental and physical development caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system.

Answer 30

Tay-Sach's disease

Question 31

Correlations means that individuals’ genes may be systematically related to the types of environments to which they are exposed.

Answer 31

Heredity-environment

Question 32

Children inherit genetic tendencies from their parents,and parents also provide an environment that matches their own genetic tendencies.

Answer 32

Passive

Question 33

The child's genetic tendencies elicit stimulation from the environment that supports a particular trait. Thus genes evoke environmental support.

Answer 33

Evocative

Question 34

Children activelyseek out "niches" ni their environment that reflect their own interests and talents and are thus ni accord with their genotype.

Answer 34

Active (niche-picking)

Question 35

Heredity- Environment Correlation View

Answer 35

Heredity to Environment

Question 36

Epigenetic View

Answer 36

Heredity to Environment Environment to Heredity

Question 37

Are the situations where the impact of an environmental exposure on disease risk is different for people with different genotypes, or conversely, situations where the impact of a genotype on disease risk is different in people with different environmental exposures.

Answer 37

Gene x Environment interactions