HS 8 M3.2

Question 1

The establishment of ethical guidelines in the helping professions began at the midpoint of the

Answer 1

20th century

Question 2

when the ___________________published its first code of ethics in 1953

Answer 2

American Psychological Association (APA)

Question 3

Protecting consumers and furthering the
professional standing of the organization

Answer 3

PURPOSE OF ETHICAL CODES

Question 3

Guiding professionals toward behaviors and actions that reflect underlying professional values

Answer 3

PURPOSE OF ETHICAL CODES

Question 4

Offering a framework for the sometimes-difficult ethical decision-making process

Answer 4

PURPOSE OF ETHICAL CODES

Question 5

Serving as a measure of defense if the professional is sued for malpractice

Answer 5

PURPOSE OF ETHICAL CODES

Question 6

Challenges in Developing and
Revising Ethical Codes

Answer 6

1. Selecting Societal Values
   2.Defining Universal Truths

Question 6

Self Determination is not shared by all
individual in a society, expecially those who
strongly value the opinions of extended family or authority figures when making important decisions

Answer 6

Selecting Societal Values

Question 6

Is not shared by all individual in a society, expecially those who strongly value the opinions of extended family or authority figures when making important decisions

Answer 6

Self Determination

Question 6

the idea “thou shall not kill” seems to
be universal, yet many would hold that killing is ethical during war

Answer 6

Defining Universal Truths

Question 6

An additional way of resolving ethical dilemmas

Answer 6

ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING MODELS

Question 6

Three Ethical Decision-Making Model Approaches:

Answer 6

1. Problem-Solving models
2. Moral Models
   3.Developemental Models

Question 6

The counselor must decide whether to break confidentiality and report the abuse, even though the client wants to keep it private

Answer 6

Identify the Problem or Dilemma

Question 6

The counselor wants to respect the client’s trust, but child abuse must be reported in most states.

Answer 6

Confidentiality vs. Duty to Report

Question 6

Reporting might protect the client from further abuse, but it could also result in emotional distress or unwanted foster care
placement.

Answer 6

Potential Harm

Question 6

Ethical codes from the American Counseling Association (ACA) and
National Organization for Human Services (NOHS) emphasize both
protecting client confidentiality and reporting abuse when necessary.

Answer 6

Review the Relevant Ethical Guidelines

Question 6

Mandatory reporting laws require professionals to report suspected
child abuse.

Answer 6

Know the Applicable Laws and Regulations

Question 7

The counselor checks state laws to confirm the reporting requirements for minors over 16

Answer 7

Know the Applicable Laws and Regulations

Question 8

The counselor consults a supervisor or an ethics board for guidance.

Answer 8

Obtain Consultation

Question 9

Ensures legal compliance and potential
safety for the client but risks breaking trust.

Answer 9

Reporting immediately

Question 10

May empower the client but could delay
intervention.

Answer 10

Encouraging self-reporting

Question 11

Might give time to prepare the client but could be legally and ethically risky.

Answer 11

Delaying reporting

Question 12

The counselor reports the abuse while explaining the reasons to the
client to preserve as much trust as possible

Answer 12

Decide on the Best Course of Action

Question 13

The counselor also provides emotional support and resources to help the client cope with the situation

Answer 13

Decide on the Best Course of Action

Question 14

It has to do with protecting the independence, selfdetermination, and freedom of choice of clients

Answer 14

Autonomy

Question 15

It is the concept of “do no harm” when working with clients;

Answer 15

Nonmaleficence

Question 16

Relates to promoting the good of society, which can be at least partially accomplished by promoting the client’s well-being

Answer 16

Beneficence

Question 17

Refers to providing equal and fair treatment to all clients

Answer 17

Justice

Question 18

Related to maintaining trust (e.g., keeping conversations confidential) and being committed to the client

Answer 18

Fidelity

Question 19

It has to do with being truthful and genuine with the client, within the context of the counseling relationship.

Answer 19

Veracity

Question 20

The client has the right to make their own decisions about their mental health treatment.

Answer 20

Autonomy

Question 21

The counselor must avoid causing harm, which means respecting the client’s wishes unless their safety is at risk.

Answer 21

Nonmaleficence

Question 22

While involving the family might be beneficial, it should not be done at the expense of the client’s autonomy and trust.

Answer 22

Beneficence

Question 23

The counselor should treat the client fairly and ensure they receive the same standard of care as any other client.

Answer 23

Justice

Question 24

The counselor must honor confidentiality unless there is a risk of harm to the client or others.

Answer 24

Fidelity

Question 25

The counselor should be truthful and explain their ethical and legal obligations clearly.

Answer 25

Veracity

Question 26

The therapist carefully considers the possible ethical concerns of treating a close friend.

Answer 26

Prudence

Question 27

They remain honest with themselves and their friend about the potential conflict of interest.

Answer 27

Integrity

Question 28

They acknowledge their friend’s need for help but also recognize the importance of professional boundaries.

Answer 28

Respectfulness

Question 29

They want to help but understand that referring the friend to another therapist is in their best interest.

Answer 29

Benevolence

Question 30

Attempt to understand how an adult’s ways of understanding the world might change over time

Answer 30

Developmental models

Question 31

Although not specifically created for ethical decision making, such models suggest that indi- viduals at “lower” levels of development would respond differently than those at “higher” levels in their decisionmaking process

Answer 31

Developmental models

Question 32

Individuals believe there is one absolute right answer to ethical dilemmas

Answer 32

Lower Level Helper (Dualism – Blackand-White Thinking)

Question 33

They rely on authority figures (e.g., supervisors, ethical codes) to dictate what is right or wrong.

Answer 33

Lower Level Helper (Dualism – Blackand-White Thinking)

Question 34

They struggle with ambiguity and expect clear-cut solutions.

Answer 34

Lower Level Helper (Dualism – Blackand-White Thinking)

Question 35

"The law says I must report any self-harm risk, so I will immediately tell the parents." (Rigid, rule-based thinking)

Answer 35

Lower-Level Response

Question 35

Would be more complex thinkers, open to differing opinions, flexible, empathic, sensitive to the context of the ethical dilemma, and nondogmatic

Answer 35

Higher-Level Helper (Relativism – commitment in relativism)

Question 35

"I will assess the severity of the self-harm, consult a supervisor, and discuss a safety plan with the client. I want to balance their trust and well-being while following legal guidelines." (Flexible, context-sensitive thinking)

Answer 35

Higher-Level Response

Question 35

However, because they reflect the values of the professional associations that created them, human service professionals are expected to abide by them.

Answer 35

Ethical guidelines are not legal documents

Question 36

Human service professionals hold a ________ to lifelong learning and continually advance their knowledge and skills to serve clients more effectively. (Appendix B, Statement 36)

Answer 36

commitment

Question 37

Human service professionals promote the ___________________. They encourage membership in professional associations, support research endeavors, foster educational advancement, advocate for appropriate legislative actions, and participate in other related professional activities. (Appendix B, Statement 30)

Answer 37

continuing development of their profession

Question 38

Actively ________such as program accreditation, credentialing, and Skill Standards, because he or she understands that such standards ultimately facilitate providing the best possible services to clients.

Answer 38

supports standards

Question 38

He or she knows what is considered appropriate_______ because he or she is familiar with the ethical guidelines.

Answer 38

ethical conduct