Human Factors and Crew Resource Management Flashcards
(17 cards)
What does Humsn Factors mean?
everything that affects human performance daily
What does Crew Resource Management mean?
Optimising the use of all resources available with the intention to optimising human performance and reducing the impact of human error
Persons Model for Human Factors
- Error results from individual failings
- Forgetfulness
- Inattention
- Carelessness
- Recklessness
Systems model for Human Factors
- Humans are fallible
- Upstream systematic factors
- Errors are predictable, expected failings in poorly designed systems
5 Steps to Imporving and gaining situation awareness
- Take 10 seconds to summarise where you are
- Identify the features of the current situation - step back to consider other possibilities
- Consider and verbalise all alternative hypotheses
- Seek external evidence to decide alternatives
- Ask everyone else to raise comments or concerns
Ways to Increase bandwidth
- Exposure
- Experience
- Education
- Take two steps back and open up arms and shoulders
- Delegate, delegate, delegate
- Send people away from scene to go get something
- Use checklists
What is Availability Bias?
giving weight (diagnosing) something that easily comes to mind maybe because you learnt it recently, saw something similar
What is Confirmation Bias?
looking for things that prove our expectations, ignoring things that do not
Ways to overcome bias
- Be aware of the bias
- Ask for feedback
- Critical reflection
- Ask questions to prove yourself right or wrong
- Seek alternative hypothesis
4 Stages of Compentence (Dunning-Kruger Effect)
- Unconscious incompetence - i got nothing
- Conscious incompetence - i know i know nothing
- Conscious competence - i know i know stuff (still gotta think about it)
- Unconscious competence - i just know it (unconcious process)
Characteristics of System 1 Thinking
- Fast
- Unconscious
- Automatic
Pro’s to System 1 Thinking
- Speed in crisis situation
- Easy completion of routine tasks
Con’s to System 1 Thinking
- Error prone
- Jumping to conclusions
- Can produce unhelpful emotional responses
Characteristics of System 2 Thinking
- Slow
- Conscious
- Effortful
Pro’s to System 2 Thinking
- Helps in making complex decisions
- Reliable
Con’s to System 2 Thinking
- Slow
- Requires effort and energy which will lead to decision fatigue after long
Types of Environmental Factors
Organisation - culture, pressure, demand
Situation - rapidly changing, critical patient, emotive scene, stressful
Resources - middle of nowhere, physical space, limited equipment and support
Team - varied skills and training, small
Individual - variable shift patterns, time constraints, demanding skills and knowledge
