HUMAN MEMORY: Flashcards
Encoding
involves forming a memory code
Attention
focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events.
Levels of Processing Storage
Structural (shallow) - how the word looks like
Phonemic (intermediate) - how the word sounds
Semantic (deep) - what the word means
Sensory memory
The brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
Short Term Memory “Working” memory
brain’s temporary storage space for holding onto information for a short amount of time
Chunking
used to enhance STM by grouping information into meaningful chunks
Long Term Memory
where we store information for long periods
Flashbulb Memories
vivid snapshots of significant events that are stored in long-term memory.
Retrieval Cues
little hints or clues that help us remember information stored in our long-term memory.
Misinformation effect Elizabeth Loftus
When our memories of an event can be changed or distorted by incorrect information we receive after the event.
Source Monitoring Error
Forgetting where we learned something or confusing the source of a memory
Repressed Memories
Memories of traumatic events that the mind blocks out
Forgetting
The inability to recall information from memory
Ebbinghaus Studies
known for discovering the forgetting curve, which shows how memory fades over time without rehearsal.
Measures of forgetting
- Retention: The ability to remember information over time.
- Recall: The retrieval of information from memory without any cues or prompts.
- Recognition: The ability to identify or recognize previously learned information when presented with it again.
