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Endocrine System 2 > Human performance > Flashcards

Human performance Flashcards

1
Q

Direct influence

A

Deliberate attempt to recollect past experience to facilitate current information processing (remember someone name or memory sensory)

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2
Q

Indirect influence

A

do not need to be conscious that memory is being used to influence performance (motor skills)

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3
Q

Encoding

A

transmission of information into a form retainable in memory

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4
Q

Storage

A

holding of information

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5
Q

Retrieval

A

accessing information from storage after a time interval and use of information to guide behavior

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6
Q

Multistore model

A

STSS -> STM -> LTM

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7
Q

Short term sensory store

A

brief, duration is 250ms, capacity limitless, large amounts of info past through STSS but not much reaches the consciousness

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8
Q

Short-term memory

A

information is selected on basis of relevance, 30s, temporary workspace, Acts as a storage system for information

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9
Q

Working memory 1

A

information from STSS can be stored for processing

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10
Q

working memory 2

A

information form LTM can be retrieved for processing and integrating with information from STSS

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11
Q

work memory 3

A

effortful and limited capacity conscious processing (controlled processing) can be performed

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12
Q

Central executive

A

proposed as control system of the model responsible for strategy selection, planning, monitoring task performance and coordinating other 2 components of WM

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13
Q

Phonological loop

A

responsible for manipulating and maintaining speech based information within WM

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14
Q

visuospatial sketchpad

A

responsible for generation manipulation, and retention of visual images

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15
Q

Primacy-recency effect

A
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16
Q

Long term memory

A

information is seemingly limitless, very abstract coding, seemingly limitless capacity

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17
Q

Types of memory

A

Declarative and procedural

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18
Q

declarative

A

can be expressed (explicit) and assists us in knowing what to do
Episodic: autographical memory for events in given time and place
Semantic: meaningful facts not tied to time and place

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19
Q

Procedural

A

memory storage of skills and procedures

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20
Q

Recall

A

recovery of information as a result of conscious search

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21
Q

Recognition

A

automatic recovery of information as a result of an external stimulus

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22
Q

Decay theory

A

(spontaneous decay) we can no longer recall information from our memory because of disuse

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23
Q

Interference theory

A

due to competing responded between criterion tasks and task that have been learned before and after

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24
Q

Retroactive

A

new information interferes with older information

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25
Q

Proactive

A

earlier information projects itself forward

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26
Q

Endogenous attention

A

top-down, goal driver attention (internal influence)

27
Q

Exogenous attention

A

bottom-up, stimulus driver (external influence)

28
Q

sustained attention

A

vigilance, stay focus on one task for continous time without distractions

29
Q

Vigilance level

A

an overall ability to detect signals

30
Q

Vigilance decrement

A

decrease in performance

31
Q

Selective attention

A

select from and focus only on the stimuli you want to attend to

32
Q

Intentional

A

purposefully choose to attend to one source of information

33
Q

incidental

A

a response to an external stimulus

34
Q

limits of selective attention

A

change blindness and inattention blindness

35
Q

change blindness

A

reflects a strong role of memory, and expectation as to what to attend to and what we become aware of

36
Q

Inattention blindness

A

the failure to see certain sensory events when focusing on others events

37
Q

Multitasking

A

the ability to switch focus back and forth between tasks requiring different cognitive demands (one task performance declines

38
Q

Distraction

A

the process of diverting attention from a desired area of focus
Blocking or diminishing the reception of desired information

39
Q

Directing attentional focus

A

broad external, broad internal, narrow external, narrow internal

40
Q

The inverted U hypothesis

A
41
Q

Proprioceptive

A

State of the body

42
Q

Exteroceptive

A

state of the environment

43
Q

sensory information (exteroception)

A

vision and audition

44
Q

sensory information (proprioception)

A

vestibular, apparatus, joint receptors, muscle spindles, Golgi tendon, organs

45
Q

Vision

A

70% of all sensory receptors are located in the eyes
40% of cerebral cortex thought to be involved in processing visual information

46
Q

Snellen eye chart

A

used to determine static visual acuity

47
Q

Dynamic visual acuity

A

allows you to see details of moving objects

48
Q

visual acuity and exercise

A

visual acuity found to increase following exercise

49
Q

Eye dominance

A

one eye processes information and transmits it to the brain more quickly than the other

50
Q

Spotting

A

used in rotational skills
Rotation of head delayed relative to bodys rotation

51
Q

Visual search

A

scanning the environment to locate critical cues
Gaze fixation: during a scan, gaze may land on one location

52
Q

quiet eye

A

final fixation located on a target or object before movement
Elite performers: longer, earlier onset, and of more optimal duration

53
Q

Targeting skills

A

fixed: stable and predictable Abstract: target fixed but optimal aiming location difficult to detect
Moving: mover must anticipate targets impending location

54
Q

Interceptive skills

A
  1. track a moving stimulus
  2. decide when and or where stimulus will arrive
  3. determine and execute appropriate movement
55
Q

Conceptual model

A
56
Q

Open loop control

A

taking out the feedback system (very quick)

57
Q

Characteristics of open loop control

A

1, advance instructions specify operations, sequence and timing
2. system executes instructions without modification
3. no capability to detect or correct error
4. most effective in stable, predictable environments

58
Q

Motor program

A

blue print stored in long-term memory

59
Q

idea

A

running a motor program
Retrieved and prepared during response programming

60
Q

Problems in motor program theory

A

Novelty problem
storage problem

61
Q

Generalized motor program GMP

A

Remain the same -> invariant features
Change each time -> parameters

62
Q

Invariant features remain the same

A

Sequence and relative timing

63
Q
A

Endocrine System 2 (7 decks)

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