Humanism Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is one assumption of humanism?
All humans determine their own behaviour and have free will
What is the first feature of humanism?
Free will
Human argues, unlike the other approaches that…
Free will is possible
Humans are self determing meaning
Behaviour is due to our choices, and we can reject any internal or external influences such as genes or unconscious motives
We have free will to make choices to enable…
Personal change and growth so we are free to choose how we act
What is the second feature of humanism?
Self actualisation
Humanism believes that all humans…
Have the need to achieve their full potential to become the best they possibly can be
Who developed the hierarchy of needs?
Maslow
What is the hierarchy of needs
A range of needs that a person requires for survival and growth. The orw basic needs have to be met before higher needs can be achieved
What are the most basic needs in the hierarchy?
The most basic needs are physiological needs that are required for survival e.g food, water and sleep
What are safety needs
Having a home, security of a job and good health
Love and belonging are linked to…
Giving and recieving acceptance and love such as having family or friends
What are esteem needs?
Esteem needs include seeking the respect for others, achievement and self confidence
Self-actualisation is the highest level and is not actually a need we seek because of something we are lacking but for…
Personal growth. We aim to fulfil our potential and this will continue to change throughout our lives
If needs are lost…
We can move up and down the hierarchy
What is feature 3 of humanism
The self and congruence
Humanism argues that for a person to achieve personal growth…
there needs to be a focus on the self. Rogers suggests the concept of the self and the ideal self
What is the actual/percieved self?
How we view outselves in terms of what we can do. This comes from our own experiences of the world and through how other significant people view us and how they treat us
What is the ideal self
The person we feel that we should be or the person we want to be
What is congruence?
Congruence occurs when there’s a match/consitency between your percieved self and your ideal self. If this occurs it enables a person to show personal growth and achieve their goals
When there is a mismatch/gap between the percieved self and the ideal self we are in a state of…
incongruence and are likely to have low self worth and poorer psychological health
What is feature 4 of humanism?
Conditions of worth
What are conditions of worth
Conditions of worth are where parents place limits on their love and show approval only if conditions are met
How do conditions of worth influence someone?
Conditions of worth influence the person in their development as they can believe they can only accept themselves or be happy when they reach expectations set by others
