Psychodynamic approach

Question 1

What is one assumption of the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 1

Behaviour is due to unconscious motives

Question 2

What is the 1st feature of the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 2

The role of the unconscious

Question 3

What does the unconscious part of the mind contain?

Answer 3

It contains Information that we are not consciously aware of such as repressed memories; the unconsious protects our conscious self from anxiety or fears.

Question 4

What is the conscious mind?

Answer 4

The part of the mind that we know about and are aware of

Question 5

What is the preconscious?

Answer 5

The part of the mind that is just below the conscious mind and included thoughts and ideas which we may become aware of during our dreams

Question 6

What is the unconscious mind?

Answer 6

The part of the mind that we are unaware of - biological drives and instincts and threatening and disturbing memories that have been repressedcor locked away but contiue to drive our behaviour

Question 7

What is the id driven by?

Answer 7

The id is driven by the pleasure principle

Question 8

The id is the … part of the mind

Answer 8

unconscious

Question 9

The id is present at…

Answer 9

birth

Question 10

What is the ids focus on and what does it expect?

Answer 10

Its focus is on the self and it expects immediate gratification

Question 11

What personality is produced if the id is too overpowering?

Answer 11

It can produce a selfish personality

Question 12

What is the ego driven by?

Answer 12

The reality principle

Question 13

What part of the mind is the ego?

Answer 13

The rational and conscious part of the mind

Question 14

When does the ego form

Answer 14

18 months to 3 yrs

Question 15

What is the role of the ego?

Answer 15

It balences demands to reduce conflict between the id and superego using defence mechanisms

Question 16

What is the superego driven by?

Answer 16

It is driven by the morality principle

Question 17

When does the superego form?

Answer 17

Forms between 3-6 years

Question 18

Why does the superego arise?

Answer 18

It arises through identification with a same sex parent

Question 19

The superego is our internalised sense of…

Answer 19

right and wrong based on parental values

Question 20

If the superego is too overpowering for the ego it can produce an…

Answer 20

anxious personality or feelings of guilt

Question 21

Describe what is meant by the term defence mechanisms?

Answer 21

Unconscious strategies that the ego uses to balence the conflict between the id and the superego. For example, repression- forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious mind

Question 22

What is the egos difficult job?

Answer 22

Balencing the conflicting demands between the id and superego so it uses defence mechanisms

Question 23

Defence mechanisms are…

Answer 23

unconscious and they stop the ego from becoming overwhelmed within the conflicts

Question 24

What can defence mechanisms do?

Answer 24

They can distort a persons reality and overuse can affect behaviour so they are not a long term solution

Question 25

What is repression?

Answer 25

Forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious mind to the unconscious. For example forgetting the trauma of ur pet dying

Question 26

What is denial?

Answer 26

Refusing to acknowledge an unpleasant aspect of reality. For example, continuing to turn up to work eve tho you have been fired

Question 27

What is displacement?

Answer 27

Transferring feelings from th true source of distressing emotion onto a less threatening substitute target. For example, slamming the door after having a row with your mum

Question 28

Freud suggested that all children progress through 5 developmental stages known as...

Answer 28

the psychosexual stages, as a way to explain how the id gets sexual gratification from birth

Question 29

During each stage there is a specific...

Answer 29

conflict, the outcome of which determines future development

Question 30

What must children do before progressing onto the next stage

Answer 30

They have to resolve the conflict at each stage. If they do not resolve the conflict they become fixated which can lead to certain behaviours in adulthood

Question 31

When is the oral stage?

Answer 31

0-1 year

Question 32

Describe the oral stage

Answer 32

Gratification for the id is gained from the mouth such as from dummies, thumb sucking and the mother's breast

Question 33

What is the consequence of unresolved conflict in the oral stage?

Answer 33

Oral fixation - smoking, biting nails, sarcastic and critical in the future

Question 34

When is the anal stage

Answer 34

1-3 years

Question 35

Descripe the anal stage

Answer 35

Gratification for the id is gained from the anus such as expulsion or withholding faeces

Question 36

What happens if conflict in anal stage is not resolved

Answer 36

Anal retentive personality -perfectionest, obsessive Anal expulsive personality- thoughtless, messy

Question 37

When is the phallic stage?

Answer 37

3-5 years

Question 38

Describe the phallic stage

Answer 38

Gratification for the id is gained through exploring their own genitals. The child will need to identify with its same sex parent and take on their values to resolve conflict in this stage

Question 39

What can unresolved coflcit in the phallic stage lead to?

Answer 39

Phallic personality-narcissistic, reckless, problems with authority