Humerus

Question 1

Common site for fracture of humerus?

Answer 1

Surgical neck

Question 2

How many necks of humerus?

Answer 2

2:
1- Anatomical Neck
2- Surgical Neck

Question 3

The surgical neck of humerus is in close contact with which two structures?

Answer 3

1- Axillary Nerve
2- Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery

Question 4

Lateral epicondyle of humerus is lateral to which structure?

Answer 4

Capitulum

Question 5

Capitulum is seen in posterior or anterior view of humerus?

Answer 5

Anterior

Question 6

Lateral epicondyl gives attachment to?

Answer 6

Extensor muscles of the forearm

(LatEx)

Question 7

Medial epicondyl serves as an origin point for?

Answer 7

Flexor muscles of forearm

(Mid AF)

Question 8

Radius articulates with which part of humerus?

Answer 8

Capitulum

Question 9

Ulna articulates with which part of humerus?

Answer 9

Trochlea

Question 10

Olecrannon fossa is present in anterior or poseterior side?

Answer 10

Posterior

Question 11

Condyles of humerus?

Answer 11

There are 2:
1- Medial
2- Lateral

Question 12

What separates head of humerus from greater and lesser tuberosities?

Answer 12

Anatomical neck

Question 13

Greater tuberosity is situated laterally or medially?

Answer 13

Laterally

Question 14

Greater tuberosity of humerus serves as an attachment site for insertion of which 3 muscles?

Answer 14

3 of the 4 Rotator Cuff muscles:
1. Supraspinatous (on superior facet of greater tuberosity)
2. Infraspinatous (on middle)
3. Teres minor (on inferior)

Question 15

How many surfaces of greater and lesser tuberosity?

Answer 15

-Greater (anterior + posterior)
-Lesser (only anterior)

Question 16

Lesser Tuberosity of humerus provides attachment site for which muscle?

Answer 16

One of the rotator cuff muscle:
-Subscapularis

Question 17

The 2 tuberosities are separated by?

Answer 17

A groove:
Intertuberculur sulcus or bicipital groove

Tendon of long head of biceps brachii runs through this groove

Question 18

Deltoid tuberosity is on which side of shaft of humerus?

Answer 18

Lateral side

Question 19

Radial(or spiral) groove is present on anterior or posterior surface of humerus?

Answer 19

Posterior

Question 20

What structures lie in radial groove?

Answer 20

1. Radial nerve
2. Profunda brachii Artery

Question 21

What muscles anteriorly attach with shaft of humerus?

Answer 21

Origin

2. Brachialis
3. Brachioradialis
   Insertion
4. Deltoid
5. Choracobrachilalis

Question 22

What muscles posteriorly attach with shaft of humerus?

Answer 22

Medial and lateral head of triceps

Anconeus muscle

Question 23

Midshaft fracture causes ?

Answer 23

Wrist drop:
Unoppsed flexion of wrist

Question 24

Midshaft fracture of humerus results in damge to?

Answer 24

1. Radial nerve
2. Profunda Brachii Artery

Question 25

What structures does radial nerve innervates?

Answer 25

Extensors of the wrists

Question 26

Groove for ulnar nerve is present near? And on which surface?

Answer 26

On the **posterior** aspect of **medial** epicondyl

Question 27

Name the 3 depressions on distal portion of the humerus?

Answer 27

1. **Coronoid fossa**(medial) over trochlea 2. **Radial fossa** (lateral) over capitulum 3. **Olecrannon fossa**

Question 28

What nerves and arteries are damaged in supracondylar fracture?

Answer 28

1.**Brachial Artery** is damaged Or 2. Damage to *anterior interosserous nerve*(branch of the **median nerve**), Ulnar nerve or Radial nerve

Question 29

What are the results of supracondylar fracture?

Answer 29

Damage to **brachial artery** The resulting ischemia can cause: **Volksmann's ischemic Contracture** - uncontrolled flexion of hand- as flexor muscles become fibrotic and short - clawlike deformity of hand, fingers and wrists

Question 30

How can anterior interosseous nerve damage be tested?

Answer 30

By asking the patient to make **OK** sign, testing for weakness of **flexor pollicis longus**

Question 31

How is supracondylar fracture treated?

Answer 31

By **Gartland Classification** 1.Type - I: is minimally displaced 2. Type - II: is displaced but with intact posterior cortex 3. Type - III: is completely off-ended Type 1 can be treated conservatively with above elbow cast Type 2 & 3 require surgical fixation with crossed bicortical k wires

Question 32

Which is the longest bone of upperlimb?

Answer 32

Humerus

Question 33

Position of greater and lesser tubercle laterally and medially?

Answer 33

Greater tubercle- **lateral** to the head Lesser tubercle- inferior to the head and **medial** to the greater tubercle

Question 34

Deltoid tuberosity is present?

Answer 34

Laterally

Question 35

What is tennis elbow?

Answer 35

Inflammation of **extensor** tendon is termed as **lateral epicondylitis** or tennis elbow

Question 36

Where does ulnar nerve passes from?

Answer 36

Crosses the **posterior** surface of **medial epicondyl** In the ulnar groove

Question 37

What is the funny bone response?

Answer 37

When u hit your elbow Contact of **ulnar nerve** against the **medial epicondyl** of humerus results in tingling sensations in medial border of hand and fifth digit