Hyatid Disease

Question 1

What are the 2 types of hyatid disease and what causes each of them?

Answer 1

Hyatid cyst disease- echinococcus granulosus

Alveolar hyatid disease- echinococcus multilocularis

Question 2

How do people contract hyatid disease?

Answer 2

Ingestion of eggs contaminated with animal faeces

Question 3

Where is echinococcus granulosus found?

Answer 3

Worldwide

Sheep and dogs

Question 4

Where is echinococcus multilocularis found and what animals are involved?

Answer 4

Northern hemisphere

Rodents and dogs

Question 5

What are the features of echinococcosis?

Answer 5

Asymptomatic until mass effect
Liver- RUQ pain, biliary obstruction
Lung- SOB, cough and fever

Multilocularis: can metastasise

Question 6

How do you diagnose echinococcus?

Answer 6

Imaging- water lily sign
Hooklets in cysts
Serology

Question 7

How do you treat echinococcus?

Answer 7

Surgery
PAIR
Albendazole before and after procedure

If can’t operate operate albendazole for 24months

Question 8

How do you prevent echinococcus?

Answer 8

Education 
Regular dog deworming
Control of livestock slaughtering
Vaccinate sheep
Surveillance data