Hydrotherapy

Question 1

Maintenance of the bodies temperature is known as?

Answer 1

Thermoregulation

Question 2

What is the bodies core temperature around?

Answer 2

37 degrees

Question 3

How many degrees coolers is the shell temperature of the body to the core temperature?

Answer 3

1-6 degrees

Question 4

What are the four functions of the skin?

Answer 4

Protection, thermal regulation, absorption, excretion

Question 5

What detects temperature?

Answer 5

thermorecepters in the skin

Question 6

What part of the brain acts as are thermostat for the body by heat conservation and heat releasing mechanisms in the body?

Answer 6

Hypothalamus

Question 7

How do blood vessels contribute to thermoregulation?

Answer 7

by Changing diameter and therefore controlling blood flow in response to temperature stmuli

Question 8

Blood vessels restricting in response to cold is known as?

Answer 8

Vasoconstriction

Question 9

Blood vessels widening in response to heat is known as?

Answer 9

Vasodilation

Question 10

Which liquid has the highest heat capacity?

Answer 10

Water

Question 11

What temperatures can skin tolerate?

Answer 11

0-44 degrees

Question 12

Define conduction?

Answer 12

exchange of heat between two surfaces that are in direct contact with each other eg thermophore

Question 13

Define convection?

Answer 13

Result of movement of heated gas or liquid between two surfaces at a different temperature e.g sauna

Question 14

Define Radiation?

Answer 14

The transfer of heat between objects via infrared rays that are not in direct contact e.g the heat the body absorbs in the sunshine

Question 15

Define evaporation?

Answer 15

conversion of liquid to a vapor e.g perspiration as sweat evaporates from the skins surface, it removes heat from the body

Question 16

Define conversion?

Answer 16

No externally applied heat e.g ultrasound

Question 17

What is the local effect of hydrotherapy?

Answer 17

occur in specific area of a hydrotherapy application.

Increasing decreasing blood flow, altering local immune responses, improving tissue pliability, decreasing pain

Question 18

What is a reflex effect to hydrotherapy?

Answer 18

Effects that occur in the nervous system

Physiological changes in deeper tissues/ organs or in other parts of the body

Question 19

What a systemic effect of hydrotherapy?

Answer 19

Changes in blood pressure, venous return

Question 20

How does a skin discrimination test work?

Answer 20

Response to different temperatures on the skin. Can they feel temperature stimulus accurately.

Question 21

How is the patch test used in hydrotherapy?

Answer 21

Is there allergy to ice?

Question 22

What is the nail bed test used for?

Answer 22

Used for patients with vascular disorders or to ensure compression from an ice bandage is not restricting blood flow to distal tissues too much

Question 23

What is the minimum temperature difference between the stimulus and the skin to create a reaction?

Answer 23

10 degrees

Question 24

What are some absolute general contraindications to hydrotherapy?

Answer 24

Inebriation
Unknown systemic condition
fainting
chronic congestive heart failure

Question 25

What are some absolute local contraindications to hydrotherapy?

Answer 25

``` Not appropriate on a specific area Gangrene Acute arteritis vasomotor paralysis open wounds, lesions during radiation therapy ```

Question 26

What are some general contraindications to hydrotherapy?

Answer 26

``` Asthma aneurysm severe emphysema epilepsy Diabetes hypertension Medications that affect the perception of pain ```

Question 27

What are some absolute contraindications to heat application?

Answer 27

``` Acute and sub-acute inflammation pre gangrene neuritis skin is burned during vascular headaches ```

Question 28

What are some cautions for heat applications?

Answer 28

presence of pins, wires, staples, artificial joints or implants

Question 29

The primary response of the body to heat is known as what?

Answer 29

Passive derivation

Question 30

What is passive hyperemia?

Answer 30

The resulting increase in blood flow in the area can be seen as redness of the skin

Question 31

What are some direct effects heat has on soft tissue?

Answer 31

Heat increases fascial excursion, decreases joint stiffness

Question 32

What are some indications for heat?

Answer 32

Chronic pain chronic elevated resting tension trigger points

Question 33

What is Fomentations ?

Answer 33

A fomentation is a hot moist compress either encased in or covered with a dry layer that provides prolonged heat

Question 34

What is a hydrocollator?

Answer 34

A clay or silica-gel filled pack soaked in hot water to provide prolonged, moist heat.

Question 35

How many towels and layers should be wrapped around the hydrocollator?

Answer 35

3-5 layers | Layers can be removed as it cools

Question 36

What are some contraindications for the hydrocollator?

Answer 36

fragile bone | unstable joints

Question 37

What is the duration of time that a hydrocollator should be left on a patient?

Answer 37

10-20 mins

Question 38

What is paraffin wax used for?

Answer 38

Smaller treatment areas Scar adhensions specific area of tension

Question 39

What happens when you plug in paraffin wax?

Answer 39

It heats up a temperature higher than therapeutic temperature in order to self sterilize. Wait 10 minutes before using it

Question 40

How many layers of wax should be painted on to effective? and which layer should be the largest?

Answer 40

8-10 layers | First Layer

Question 41

What is the paraffin wax wrapped with after the layers are added?

Answer 41

saran wrap followed by a towel and then an additional heat source and is left on for 10-20 minutes

Question 42

What is the process of alternating hot towels?

Answer 42

Towels are soaked in a bucket hot water Wring out the towel and apply to the area of the body to be treated When the towel begins to cool, place a dry towel over the application and apply a fresh hot towel on top. Turn all three towels over and remove the cooled towel that is now on top. Repeat for 10-20 minutes

Question 43

What are physiological effects?

Answer 43

Exceptionally healing Increase circulation locally (mainly when used with a heat source) Potentially regulates metabolism locally (when used regularly)