Hyperlipidaemia

Question 1

What is hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 1

High cholesterol, triglyceride or both

Question 2

What is primary and secondary prevention?

Answer 2

Preventative measures put in place for patients that have a high risk of developing CVD ( primary) and secondary to prevent further events from taking place

Question 3

What measures are put in place for patients at risk?

Answer 3

Lifestyle advice, diet,exercise, weight , alcohol = if these changes are not effective then we consider statins as first line

Question 4

Statins for precautions?

Answer 4

1) Statins - for primary and secondary
Address the secondary causes (uncontrolled TDM,Hepatic,nephrotic, excess alcohol)

Question 5

What’s the link with thyroid function?

Answer 5

Hypothyroidism = lipid abnormality, TH Deceases and LDL increase

Question 6

What can actual cause hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 6

• liver or kidney disease
• family history of high cholesterol
• diabetes
• hypothyroidism
• lifestyle,smoking and obesity
• Drugs - antipsychotics (esp. 1st gens),immunosuppressants, antiretrovirals and corticosteroids

Question 7

Patients at high risk?

Answer 7

• diabetes type 1 = all
• type 2 diabetes, only if CVD risk is greater than 10%
• CKD
• Familial hypercholesteroaemia
• risk increases with age, especially if they smoke or have hypertension
• generally 10 year risk of CVD GREATER THAN 10%

Give statins to all these patients regardless of serum cholesterol, secondary prevention to established,CVD,Chd, mi, angina,cerebrovascular disease, stroke,tia,peripheral arterial disease