HYPERTENSION + HEART FAILURE 💔 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the general measures for managing heart failure?
Correct underlying causes, restrict salt intake, control blood pressure, ensure complete rest, treat obesity, stop smoking.
Name a cardiac glycoside used as a positive inotropic agent.
Digoxin.
Which beta-1 agonists are used in heart failure?
Dopamine, Dobutamine, Prenalterol.
What are the xanthines used in heart failure management?
Aminophylline.
List two bipyridine derivatives used in heart failure.
Amrinone, Milrinone.
What hormonal agent is used in heart failure?
Glucagon.
What is the purpose of diuretics in heart failure treatment?
To reduce fluid overload and decrease the workload on the heart.
Name an example of an arteriolar dilator.
Hydralazine.
What are venodilators used in heart failure?
Nitrates such as Isosorbide dinitrate.
Which mixed dilator is an ACE inhibitor?
Captopril.
What is an important combination therapy for arteriolar dilators?
Beta-blockers and diuretics.
Provide an example of a beta-blocker used in heart failure.
Carvedilol.
List three examples of ACE inhibitors.
Captopril, Enalapril, Saralasan.
What are the indications for ACE inhibitors?
Hypertension with high renin levels, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, myocardial infarction.
What is the first step in treating digitalis toxicity?
Stop digoxin immediately.
What should be given to treat potassium loss in digitalis toxicity?
Oral or IV potassium chloride (KCl).
Which medication is used for bradycardia in digitalis toxicity?
Atropine.
What is the treatment for ventricular arrhythmia with heart block?
Phenytoin.
Fill in the blank: For arrhythmia caused by calcium, use _______.
Disodium Edetate (EDTA).
How can absorption of digitalis be reduced?
Cholestyramine.
What is a key general measure for hypertension treatment?
Reduce body weight.
Name an alpha-blocker used as an antihypertensive medication.
Prazocin.
List two examples of beta-blockers used for hypertension.
Propranolol, Atenolol.
What is the significance of Sodium Nitroprusside in hypertension treatment?
Must be freshly prepared, given via IV with monitoring, and should not be stopped suddenly.
