Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PHARM 3 > Hypothalamic/Pituitary Hormones > Flashcards

Hypothalamic/Pituitary Hormones Flashcards

(63 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what receptors are activated by growth hormone

A

JAK/STAT superfamily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what receptors are activated by prolactin

A

JAK/STAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what receptors are activated by TSH

A

GPCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what receptors are activated by FSH

A

GPCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what receptors are activated by LH

A

GPCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what receptors are activated by ACTH

A

GPCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the primary target of GHRH?

A

Growth hormone –> IGF-1 (mediates most of response)

acts on liver, muscle, bone, kidney

**notably also acts on some insulin receptors - causing insulin like effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the effects of GH on GFR, insulin and adipocytes?

A

increase GFR

anti-insulin: decrease glucose utilization, inc lipolysis - receptors become unresponsive with long term use of GH d/t overproduction of insulin – NIDDM like state

stimulate pre-adipocyte differentiation into adipocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

somatropin vs somatrem?

A

somatropin = recombinant GH

somatrem = GH analog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

use of recombinant GH

A

peds patients with:

  • GH deficient
  • chronic renal failure
  • Noonan syndrome
  • Prader Wili
  • Turner
  • idiopathic short stature

GH deficient in adults
Wasting in HIV pt
Short bowel syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Recombinant GH AE

A

scoliosis during rapid growth

  • hypothyroidism
  • intracranial HTN - fatal AE (can increase CSF production)
  • otitis media - in Turner pt
  • pancreatitis, gynecomastia, nevus growth
  • diabetic syndrome with chronic use

Adult AE:
- peripheral edema, myalgias, carpal tunnel syndrome

  • peripheral retinopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Recombinant GH contraindication

A

p450 inducer

pt with malignancy = may increase growth of tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mecasermin

A

IGF-1 analog

recombinant IGF-1 and human IGF-binding protein 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mecasermin use

A

mutated GH-R, neutralizing GH antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mecasermin AE

A

hypoglycemia - eat before/after to counter AE

intracranial HTN

elevated liver enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment for GH secreting tumors

A

seen as acromegaly or gigantism (if occurs in childhood)

1) GH-r antagonist
2) somatostatin analog
3) dopamine-r agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pegvisomant

A

GH-r antagonist

prevent dimerization of receptor - still allows for receptor binding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ocreotide

A

somatostatin analog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ocreotide MOA

A

inhibits release of GH, TSH, glucagon, insulin, gastrin

  • more potent than somatostatin**
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ocreotide AE

A

n/v cramps, steatorrhea

constipation

biliary sludge/gallstones

bradycardia

B12 deficiency - w/long term use

pain at injection site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

bromocriptine

A

dopamine agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cabergoline

A

dopamine agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

use of bromocriptine/cabergoline

A

adenomas that secrete excess prolactin

*oral/vaginal insert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

bromocriptine/cabergoine use

A

hyperprolactinemia

acromegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
bromocriptine/cabergoline aE
nausea, headache, lightheadedness, orthostatic hypotension (bromocriptine>>cabergoline) psych manifestations high dose - cold induced peripheral vasospasms pulmonary infiltrates with high dosage
26
use of gonadotrophins
infertility -- stimulate spermatogenesis or induce ovulation
27
menotropins
hMG = purified extract of FSH and LH
28
follitropin
recombinant FSH
29
urofollitropin
uFSH = purified human FSH extract
30
choriogonadotropin alpha
(rhCG) recombinant hCG given SC
31
gonadotropin MOA
act through GPCRs
32
tx male infertility
FSH and LH both required if hypogonadal hCG alone urofollitropin, rFSH, rLH
33
AE gonadotropins
ovarian hyperstimulation multiple pregnancies headache, depression, precocious puberty male -- gynecomastia
34
gonadorelin
gonadotropin releasing hormone synthetic
35
goserelin
GnRH analog - (more potent than gonadorelin)
36
leuprolide
GnRH analog(more potent than gonadorelin)
37
nafarelin
GnRH analog(more potent than gonadorelin)
38
pulsatile vs sustained nonpulsatile administration of GnRH analogs
pulsatile = required to stimulate LH and FSH release nonpulsatile = inhibits FSH and LH release -- leads to hypogonadism
39
GnRH analog use
suppression = controlled ovarian hyperstimulation - suppress endogenous LH surge endometriosis = reducing exposure to cyclical changes in estrogen and progesterone uterine fibroids prostate cancer precocious puberty adv breast/ovarian cancer tx amenorrhea, PCOD thinning of endometrial lining (pre-op endometrial ablation) stimulation = female/male infertility diagnosis of LH responsiveness
40
gonadorelin AE
hypersensitivity pituitary apoplexiy and blindness headache, light headed ness
41
GnRH analog AE
menopausal sxs depression diminshed libido vaginal dyrness contraindicated in pregnant and breast feeding women men: hot flushes, sweats, gyenocmastia, decreased hematocrit
42
cetrorelix
competitive antagonist of GnRH receptors
43
ganirelix
competitive antagonist of GnRH receptor
44
GnRH receptor antagonist use
suppress gonadotropin production = prevent LH surge during controleld ovarian hyperstimulation
45
corticotropin
ACTH analog
46
cosyntropin
ACTH analog
47
ACTH analog MOA
act via MC2r (inc cAMP) stimulate adrenal cortex = release glucocorticoids and androgen precursors ACTH released from pituitary in pulses - highest in am, lowest in pm cortisol suppresses release
48
ACTH use
differentiate between primary and secondary insufficiency infantile spasm/West Syndrome treatment
49
ACTH AE
glucocorticoids
50
Oxytocin low dose vs high dose
low dose: increases force, frequency of contractions high dose: sustained contractions, weak antidiuretic and pressor activity contraction of myoepithelial cells surrounding mammary alveoli = milk ejection
51
oxytocin IV vs IM use
IV: intitiation and augmentation of labor IM: post partum bleeding
52
oxytocin clinical application
1) labor induction 2) augment normal labor 3) control uterine hemorrhage
53
oxytocin AE
excessive uterine contraction stimulation activation of vasopressin receptors if bolus administration = hypotension
54
oxytocin contraindications
fetal distress, premature abnormal fetal presentation uterine rupture predisposition
55
atosiban
oxytocin antagonist
56
atosiban use
pre-term labor = not used in US
57
Vasopressin
ADH agonist
58
Desmopressin
ADH agonist long acting synthetic analog of vasopression minimal V1 activity
59
Vasopressin PD/PK
2 receptos activated ``` V1R = vascular SM = vasoconstriction V2R = renal tubule cells = inc water permeability, water reabsorption ``` shorter t 1/2 with vasopressin rather than desmopressin
60
Vasopressin use
diabetes insipidis esophagal varice bleeding colonic diverticular bleeding
61
desmopressin use
coagulapathy in hemophilia A and vWB disease
62
vasopressin AE
overdosage = hyponatremia, seizures
63
conivaptan
vasopressin antagonist used in pt with hyponatremia d/t elevated vasopressin high affinity for V1, V2

PHARM 3 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions