i life in antebellum america Flashcards
(26 cards)
what wa sthe two party system in the usa
the two party system came into existcn as the second us party system followung the no party system of many predeccros that the ounding faths intneded, deomocrats nd whigs and this cam into fruition due to split support for president jackson
explain the whigs and the deomocrats
whigs were in support of govt intevention on key issues and matters and th majrty of hteir arty wa sbase in the north, the ywere mainly in uport of higgher tarif aswella dn the northenmost whigs supoorted the abolitojnists , they were a party of essential modernism
demorcats had more southern leanings and the yt werre fsvourers of less govt snd tradiotj at the hear they did ttihnk that things should change
what was the north like at a glance
slavery was lmaost non existant
steongly influenced by th morality f the quakers and puritans
wage labour was used to emply oidustrial workers
40 percent more popultion than south due to many immigrants
early influence of educatio and bible reading
what was the south like at a glance
they wanted indepencance on states rihhrs , not as industrially developed
cotton jin made cotton king
how did the cotton jin chnge america cotton was exported an d73 percent of briths cotto wnet there
planter rich elite class followd by small farmers and then poor farmers
88./. of slave owners ownee mudltple a planter class but 3/4 didnt owj any slaves
descirve the nprthern economy
incredbly fast populatin grwht in the north that sutained the growing industry aswell as migration the north infudtrialised quickly in hte anti bellum yaars and was providing resources for all of aermcia they had 33 cities
political atmosphere of the north
it was dominate in the hourse of representatives and soon after in 1850 became dominant in he senate,
free lbour ideoligy wa dominant by 1860
republicans later but hte whigs was the initial northern party
they largly supported political issues that beneefited their religion and their indutry as they beieed i high tarifs to support the sle s of indutrisl goods
the norths social atmosphere
reform movemenets by quakers fo rthe rights od women
a new yankee protestatnism develpoped
eductation early influences of primart education in whih chhildren were educated o n biliblical verses
migration as the industrial develpoment led to calls for labour whih cgsve the northa d vierse profil etht th eosuth didnt actually like 90 % of immigrant were nortthrrn
the southern economy
witht the intrduction of the cotton gin the southern tates instead of indutruaolsed ket therie social heirarchy of the plnter elites adnd carried on witht here level of cotton empire. senetor hammond “ cotton is king “
the souht ha d apopulion of 2/3 yeomen farmers and only planter elite familys had large palntations of slaves they wer esential for their economy
southern politics
led by the deomcorat party sand its key pro southern figures such as john c calhoun , th south cominatwd th esupreme court and thia as heneifical in law making , slavery was pro oted as essntial to their lifestyle
the souths social atmsphere
southern women had mch more traditonal expectations ot serve and care for theirhusband as in the soth their was a baptist influence on th epoeple they were expected to be weak feminine and modest
public eductation was minimum and underfunded
in the southern states labour still domnated by th s alvw trade whihc put many immigrant off as there asnt work so they preffered the norths wage labour economy and the south had a very our way attidutde
how was southern suthern walth distrubet and give an example of arich planter
wealth was ditricyutved gihely unequally and there were rich plantr elite fmilys like that of Nathaniel Heyward eh hd an estate of 2million dollars and also Edward loy v
xd
how did the planter elite work
upper and the aristorctic gentry and thes ehad generational wealth tyhey had built from huge pantatons , it wa sa male doinamted sodiety and th eim\g of an idela southern women was the oppsoit eto the feminsit movemenet of th enorth
the differenes beetween north and south by james mcpheterson
south proseprous but unequally diteubted wher as norhtenr wealth wa smore ssutainbal ea it wa sless focused on generational but mor en building wealth through wokr and industry
3% of whites owned 5o slaves or more
nathaniel heyword and his 800 slaves deemed whites as the mother race
north had 50 % more people
key similarities beetween the north and south
the deifnitoon line of north and outh were blurred nd tehre were border state sympaphiers and only 9 of the 15 slave states particiapted in the nashville conventiojn shig how theyweretn as unified , both ares utuliised trade aswel as wesward expansionism
positives and negative views of a slaves expeirence
positive; floggings ere rare and aso were sucidies slaves ere well fed and onlt a few hundred made attmeots to escape and there were no major escapsim attempts
negtives; virtually imosttible to escap as most fugitives ocught withing dyas os har dto escape, most planters rule dby disidpline and fear
what was the ignifcance of th eissue around missouri compromise
most americans wanted to edpand westwards but the missouri compromise wasthe first instiacne of conversation of the issue
what happened when kissouri petioned to join as a slave sttwe and what wre the consquences why wa it important
there were 11 free and 11 slave and misouri petuoned to join as a slave tate but the norht didnt lie this as it woul dtip the balance in th south favour , then james tallamdge perscrbed the tallmadge ammendment whihc prohibited slavery in th areas , this wasnt acceptble to slave holding missourianns who wihed to have theri salvers in the area
why was th enorth dmonating in the hor
the orth was iverse and had for more people leading to is dominance in the hor whih cangered the sotuheenrer when their new state wa initially bloced
what di dhenry clay do in th eissue and what was his great solutio
henys great compromise was that thre coul dbe a two part olution known as the missouri compromise where , mssour woul be admitted as slave state but it would be balanced out by the amdirtance of maine a s free state oncemaroee making it 12 12 and this angered many sotuehrenrs who had hoped to gain adavantge in the sentate to combt th hor advtnage the nrth had, and his second part was that slavery wouldnt be permitted above the 36 30 lne of missouri whihc was dissapointing foe southerners as it was the exten tof us rerriorty for now
what was many southerenrs concern amid the reuslt od the misouri compromise
“by th emissuouri uestion our slaves thought there was liberties granted to them” showing they didnt like the issue of slavery havig people even cre about
what was the nulification crisis in resonse
southern eonomy relied on exports and i 1828 northern biased govt palced tarifs on imported mangfacturing and th norht sadi it helped there economy but the aoth hated it affecting theres and claled it the “ tariff of abominations”
tariffs hieghhtedned sectonal tensions and they didnt like ho w it damaged them at the expesnse of the noth southernees feared that foreign coutnires would enact tarifs on good on the south aswel
who were jackson and calhoun
calhoun had beena s sneator of south carolina and he was jackson who was otuehrenr lwanings vp
why did jackson and calhoun fall out and whaty did calhoun do in rwspinse
jackosn ignore dthe tarif crisi so calhoun rrsigned and calhoun wanted a recall of the tariff and eh believe dit was unconstitutional . a fear of nulifcation was in the northa s the sotuth were now resisitng the fed govt ontop of this it ushered a contistuinal crisis
how did the nullifcation crisis spark the tlks of secession
jackson signed a new tarif bill in32 lwoering them back down but sc was still not happy and a convetnn was held , nulifacton was a prelude to succession which is why he was worried
crisis ended when he lowered the tarifs even rfurhrer and signed a force bill to enfocre them whihc psoponed the contistual crisi , for now
