iii abolitionism Flashcards
(41 cards)
what was the anti slavery movement like in the us before 1833
before this period the americna anti slvary movent was largely unorganised and there was simply just a sctttering of small organisations mainly in the south where slavery was actually witnessed
give two examples of small anti slavery societys in early pre antebellum usa
nyc manumission society 1785
pennsalvanian abolition society 1789
what was the first national anti slavery society, give its role
Americn colinsiation society established by the upper south in 1817 and was helped by the federal govt. They established liberia a colony in west africa that helped in sending over 100000 emancipated slaves back to africa
what did william loyd garrison form in 1833 with the help of Arthur and lewis tappon of ny
how did it do and why did it fail?
1833 they formed the American anti slavery society the first national abolitionist moevment. it did exremly well and in 5 years had ammassed 1350 local chapters and 250000 members
however the society split in 1839 as Garrison and his supporters rubbed heads witht eh more modrrate supporters as they crtisised even the church and other bodies such as issues around feminism
what anti slavery party was formed in 1848 by memebers of both partys who were tired of waiting for the whigs or the democrts to take any stance agianst slavery
the free soiler party was set up in 1848 in which thry maanged to send 2 senators and 14 representatives to congress . in 1854 this party merged witht the old whigs to for the republican party which mmased much succes sending president abrham lincoln in 1860
what did historian Richard Hofstadter has to say about abolitionism in 1948
” aboliotionism was a reiligious movoment emergingh from the ferment of of evangelical protestntism , physcoligically akin to other reforms - womens rights and tempereance and pacifism which agitaded the spirits of the northern middle class before the civil war.
what were the religious routes of the anti slavery movement
anti slaveryt had religious routes initially from the quakers who were the initiall drivin g force for the mivment along with congretionalists and baptists these groups condemmed slavery on the basic moral principle
what success had the abolitionists and anti slavery moderates had by the beginning of 1845
by 1845 slavery was abolished completely in most northern states starting with vermont in 1777 these nrthern ststes grsdually abolished slvsery andf it became virtually ended in everwhere except the south. \Many northern abolitionists however found this to be not enough and they opposed popular sovergnty and wanted a federal ban on the issue
other successes were thatijn 1808 congress declared the African slave trade to be illegal
what was gradualism
gradualism was a movement of moderation supported bty many northerner in the first three decades of the 19th century. it supported the gradual emamcipation of slaves where there would be compensation paid to the owners this graudal emamcipation was heavily supported by henry clay and james maddison who sent 150000 emancipated slaves back to Liberia. Gradualism was a moderate flavour or third way to Garrisons “radicall plee” for slaverys immediate abolotion
why was William loydd Garrison initially important
set up the northern newspper known as the liberator which regularly publishe dabolitionist sentements. he also was import
ant in influrncing hte short lived liberty party in 1856
what was the national anti slavery societys role
1832 formed in new eng land by william loyd garrisison and was the first provelant anti slvaery society in ameirca
How did the second awakening influence a growing abolition
Protest religious revival in the usa grasped in with femimism and thr temperance movement the issue of slavery and the moral objectifications to it as part of a wider social movement in america in the 1800s this formed a bigger movement all together
What was the quote used by american and british abolitionists to support the abolition of slavery and were shpported and worn by benjamin franklin
“Am i not a man and a brother”
This humanised black people in america
Why had the abolitionist movement grown in the 1840s
People had rallied behind a common cause
what problems did many abolitiionsist face up to thi point
they were largely on the marginal frineges on politicis and werent really in a position to grab a foohold fr power or either of the two main partys. Many northerners were also weary or fearful of abolitionism as they wanted to keep black slaves in the south and thought they woul dbe emancipated and steal their jobs
what was the gag rule 1820-1844
petitiions on slavery were avtually banned in congress from being discussed all together , Abolitionists untill 1844 were actively silened by the governemnt
summairse key changes in the press during this period
cheroke paper was set up in 1827, black news was just for free black peple
political meanings behind newspapers and a period of rapid changes
Explain the role of the boston libertor
The boston liberator was a paper published and editied by aboliitionist william loyd garrison
it was organised for the political function of educating the country on abolitionism and it reciveed large amounts of support from northern free blakc people
garrison supported other movments like temperance and woens rights
paper was abolished in 1865 when 13th ammendment was rsitifed
what had happened to the abolitionist movement and literature by 1840
thw whole moemevemnt had flooed borth aswell as literautre due ot book bans and gagrul
Who was fredrick douglas and what was his relevance
douglas was born in 1817 into slavry and was tough enlohs wiritng by his masters wife. “if you teach him how to read theirs no keeping him “
douglas became a writer and wrote several memoir desperate to be free
in 1838 he married free womsn anna murray and was determined to be free she helped hm escape to nyc
he met will garrison douglas had an rticle published called “the life of fredrick douglas” in 1847 he founded his own newspaper the North star.
what were many southerners opinions on northern press and how did it increase tensions beetween north and south
the southerners saw these newspapers like the liberator and the north star as gospel opinion for all of the north many had never been exposed to a northener so ther was resentment. This spoke volumes for the south who now saw themselves as shunned and hated and misunderrstood by the whole north further exasperating tensions beetween he nirth and south. Southerenrs who were at first more focued on there own state found a common ground now in being anti abolitionist, this sparked the roots of the southern confediracy
what were the southern responses and attidudes to the liberator and garrison
the liberator was actually banned in some southern states and garrison recieved regular death threats. at one point he was indicted in north carolina for distributing anti slavery material . The georgia legislature offered a significnt reward for his capture.
info on Uncle Toms cabin
writen by harriet beecher stowe
saw a slave auction and the horrro stories of slavery abrham lincoln said to harriet “so your the little woman who started thi swar”
