Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

IM > ID > Flashcards

ID Flashcards

1
Q

Is HIV screening recommended for all pt 15-65 regardless of risk factors?

A

yep, with HIV p24 Ag and Ab testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

HA, confusion, breathing symptoms, diarrhea + hyponatremia and elevated LFTs

A

legionella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Legionella tx

A

macrolide or fluorgoquinolone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

UTI with alkaline urine and struvite stone

A

proteus infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Undercooked meat + foreign travel + GI complaints followed by periorbital edema, edema, myositis, eosinophilia + roundworm parasite

A

Trichinellosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fever, abdominal pain, salmon-colored rash, hepatosplenomegaly

A

Typhoid fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

camping, diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal cramps, weight loss, nausea

A

giardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fever, HA, retro-orbital pain, rash, significant myalgia and arthralgias

A

Dengue fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Risk factors for bacillary angiomatosis

A

cat exposure, homelessness, CD4 <100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does bacillary angiomatosis manifest

A

Skin
Systemic - fever, night sweats, fatigue
Organs - liver, bone, CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bacillary angiomatosis treatment

A

Doxy or erythromycin + INCREASE CD4 with ART

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Locations of nocardia infection

A

lung + brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

interstital pneumonia when CD4 < 200

A

Pneumocysits jiroveccin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

colorectal disease + IE

A

s gallolyticus, s bovis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tx of mucormycosis (nasal infection + poorly managed DM)

A

surgical debridement plus amphotericin B `

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

+ RF, elevated ESR, normocytic anemia + constitutional sx + dyspnea, cough, edema, osler nodes + septic embolic to brain, spleen, lung + glomerulonephritis

A

variety of IE symptoms given its potential to transform into acute, subacute, chronic manifestations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adult Still disease

A

inflammatory disorder - recurrent high fevers, arthritis/arthralgias, salmon-colored rash, + ESR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Patient presents with indolent course of cough, fever, dyspnea and has XR suspicious for PCP which is confirmed with BAL. What treatment to start?

A

TMP-SMX and steroids, also test for HIV and start ART if appropriate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tx for CAP

A

Ceftriaxone + azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tx for HAP

A

Vancomycin + piperacillin-tazobactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Travelers’ diarrhea that is prolonged, profuse, water

A

cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora, giardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Diarrhea quality with entamoeba histolytic and shigella

A

dysentary - bloody and mucoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

HIV +, subacute fever, HA, increased ICP sx

A

cryptococcal meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cognitive and personality changes, focal neuro deficitys, seizures, temporal lobe involvement

A

HS encepahlitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
MRI with patchy areas of white matter, HIV, JC virus
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
26
fever, back pain, focal spinal tenderness
osteomyelitis - get blood cx, inflammatory markers, MRI then CT guided bone biopsy
27
List two main opportunistic infections and the ppx tx
Pneumocystis pneumonia - TMP-SMX | CMV - ganciclovir or valganciclovir
28
great lakes, pulmonary illnes, verrucuous nodules and plaques
blastomycosis
29
When and how ppx against pneumocystic jirovecci
CD4 < 200 + TMP-SMX
30
When and how ppx against toxoplasma gondii
CD4 < 100 + TMP-SMX
31
When and how ppx against MAC
CD4 < 50 + Azithromycin
32
When and how ppx against Histoplasma capsulatum
CD4 < 150 + Itraconazole
33
Which HIV OI require TMP-SMX tx and when
Pneumocystis ( < 200) and Toxo ( < 100)
34
You ppx against this OI with Azithromycin when CD4 < 50
MAC
35
pulmonary disease in immunocompromised host + nodular, cavitary lesions in upper lobes + sputum with filamentous, gram positive, weakly acid-fast rods
Nocardia, tx with TMP-SMX
36
pulmonay disease + acid-fast negative hyphae
Aspergillus
37
Tx of penicillin sensitive IE
IV abx like ceftriaxone for 4 weeks
38
Recent immigtation, abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, liver abscess preceded by bloody diarrhea
amebic abscess by entamoeba histolytica - treat with metronidazole
39
Tx of hydatid liver cyst due to echinococcus
aspiration + albendazole
40
are pt with HIV at increased risk of CAP with s pneumo
yep
41
recent flu with acute worsening with high fever, productive cough, hemoptysis, leukopenia and found to have multilobar cavitary lesions on XR
post viral s aureus pneumonia
42
immunocompromised + fever, pleuritic CP, hemoptysis
Aspergillus
43
high fever and GI sx prior to pulmonary sx
LEgionella, will see hyponatremia
44
rapid onset fever, myalgias, nuchal rigidity, petechial rash, shock, CSF with low glucose and high protein
Meningococcal meningitis, treat with ceftriaxone + vancomycin
45
Hiv + HA, confusion, focal deficits, fever + MRI with ring-enhancing lesions
Toxo, should be on ppx if CD4 < 100, TMP-SMX
46
bug in epididymitis of old man
e coli
47
3 bacteria that can cause bloody diarrhea
e coli, shigella, campylobacter
48
duration of tick attachment o ppx for Lyme
36 hrs, remove with tweezers
49
ppx vs treatment of Toxo
ppx = TMP-SMX, tx = sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine
50
CD4 < 100 with HA, fever, focal neuro deficits, AMS
Toxo, tx with Sulfadiazine and Pyrimethamine
51
MRI findings of Toxo
ring enhancing lesion
52
MRI findings of CMV
multifocal micronodules or ventricular enhancement
53
immunocompromised + lung or brain + filamentous, aerobic, gram-positive, partially acid fast
nocardia, tx with TMP-SMX
54
NE united states + flu-like symptoms + anemia, thrombocytopenia + blood smear with Maltese cross
Babesiosis - ixodes scapularis
55
Two treatments for babesiosus
Atovaquone + azithromycin | Quinine + Clindamycin
56
4 types of tick-borne illness
Lyme Babesiosus Erlichiosis RMSF
57
Tick-borne illness that causes hemolysis and anemia
Babesiosis - look at peripheral smear to diagnose
58
Tick-borne illness that has prominent rash that spreads centripetally and includes the palms and soles
RMSF
59
Tick-borne illness that causes flu-like symptoms and leukpenia/thrombocytopneia
Ehrlichiosis
60
This lung infection can present similarly to sarcoid
histoplasmosis
61
cough, hilar adenopathy, erythema nodosum, non-caseating granulomas, african american
sarcoid
62
two Tb-mimicking infections
histoplasmosis, blastomycosis
63
Infection of lungs in Mississipi and Ohio River basins
Histoplasmosis, also Blastomycosis
64
SW united states
Coccidioides
65
Symptoms of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis
febrile, wasting disroder, dyspnea, cough, papules, nodules, lymphadneopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopneaia, XR with hilar adenopathy and reticulonodular infiltrates
66
PPD size for HIV infected pt
> 5 mm is +
67
PPD size for pt with no risk factors
> 15 mm is +
68
If PPD is 8 mm for pt with HIV and CXR is normal, what to do?
Pt has latent Tb and needs 9 mo tx of Isoniazid and Pyridoxine
69
Why add pyridoxine to isoniazid tx?
prevent peripheral neuropathy
70
traveled to Africa, cyclical fever with nonspecific constitutional and GI symptoms, anemia, thrombocytopenia
Malaria
71
Symptoms within a week of exposure + muslce and oint pains, retrorbital pain, rash, leukopenia
dengue fever
72
skin and bone lesions, pulmonary symptoms, broad-based budding yeast, midwest
blastomycosis
73
IE in IVDU
tricuspid valve
74
Most common valve in IE
mitral valve
75
empiric tx of meningitis in immunocompromised pt
cefepime, vacno, ampicillin
76
IVDU with nodular cavitary infiltrates of lungs
tricuspid endocarditis with systemic embolization to lungs
77
lobar pneumonia, CAP
s pneumo
78
CD4 <200, diffuse infiltrates, indolent course
pneumocystis pneumonia
79
IVDU, fevers and SOB, holosystolic murmur that increase with inspiration, tricuspid valve, splinter hemorrhages
IE of tricuspid valve, diagnose with blood culture and TEE, empiric tx of vanco and tailor
80
Gonorrhea treatment
azithromycin + ceftriaxone
81
antibiotics with anaerobic coverage
amoxicillin, amox-clav, clindamycin
82
mono test
heterophile antibody test
83
mucopurulent urethral discharge
chlamydial urethritis

IM (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions